Chapter 31 Protostome Animals

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21 Terms

1

Protostome

An organism whose first embryonic opening, the blastopore, becomes the mouth, characterized by bilateral symmetry and three germ layers.

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2

Lophotrochozoan

A monophyletic group within protostomes that includes phyla such as mollusks and annelids, characterized by the presence of lophophores.

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3

Ecdysozoan

A group of protostomes that grow by molting, shedding their old cuticle to allow for growth.

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4

Lophophore

A feeding structure used in suspension feeding in adults of certain protostome groups.

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5

Trochophore

A type of larva commonly found in marine mollusks and annelids, characterized by a band of cilia.

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6

Metamorphosis

The developmental process in insects involving stages of juvenile forms (nymphs or larvae) and adults.

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7

Coelom

A fluid-filled body cavity lined by mesoderm found in some animal phyla, including annelids.

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8

Hemocoel

An extensive body cavity found in arthropods that acts as part of the circulatory system.

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9

Spiral Cleavage

A type of embryonic development seen in lophotrochozoans, where cell divisions occur at angles to each other.

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10

Radula

A feeding structure found in mollusks, often used for scraping food off surfaces.

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11

Annelids

Segmented worms that are distinguished from flatworms, containing a coelom and a fully developed digestive tract.

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12

Cestoda

A class of flatworms that includes endoparasitic tapeworms, absorbing nutrients through their body wall.

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13

Bivalvia

A class of mollusks that includes clams and oysters, characterized by two-part shells and suspension feeding.

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14

Gastropoda

A class of mollusks including snails and slugs, known for their diverse feeding strategies.

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15

Cephalopoda

A class of mollusks that are intelligent predators with modified feet as arms and tentacles, capable of jet propulsion.

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16

Incomplete Metamorphosis

A form of insect development where juveniles (nymphs) resemble smaller adults.

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17

Complete Metamorphosis

A form of insect development characterized by a distinct larval stage that differs significantly from the adult form.

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18

Ecdysozoan Growth

The process by which ecdysozoans grow by molting their outer cuticle or exoskeleton.

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19

Nematoda

A phylum of roundworms, many of which are parasitic.

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20

Adaptation Radiation

The evolution of diverse forms from a common ancestor in response to the development of new habitats or environmental changes.

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21

Body Compartmentalization

The division of an organism's body into distinct regions that can evolve and function independently.

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