unit 4 ap world vocab

pray i pass the ap exam....

Columbian Exchange

Transfer of plants, animals, people, and disease between the Old and New Worlds.

Caravel

Small, fast ship developed by Portugal; great for long-distance sea travel.

Mercantilism

Economic system where colonies exist to enrich the mother country.

Joint-stock company

Group-investment system (like the British or Dutch East India Companies) to fund trade voyages.

Encomienda system

Spanish forced labor system used on Native Americans in the Americas.

Middle Passage

The deadly voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas.

Trading-post empire

Control of coastal trading cities instead of entire territories (Portugal in Africa/India).

Cash crops

Crops grown to be sold, not eaten (sugar, tobacco, cotton).

Indentured servitude

Labor system where poor Europeans worked in colonies for a period in exchange for passage.

Creoles

People of European descent born in the Americas; second in colonial social hierarchies.