Atomic structure flash cards

What is the charge of a neutron?

0

Why are they placed in groups and period

Elements are placed in specific groups and periods based on their electrical configuration

Where do you find protons in an atom

Nucleus

What is the charge of a proton?

+1

What is the mass of a proton

1

Why do atoms have no overall charge

They have an equal amount of protons and electrons

How many shells fit into shell 1

2

How do you work out how many neutrons an atom has

Mass number - atomic number

What are isotopes?

Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

How do metals form ions

The lose electrons form positive ions

Atom

An atom consist of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in shells

Molecules

A group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together

How do non - metal atoms form ions

The gain electrons to form negative ions

a negative ion

A negative ion has more electrons than protons

What type of forces hold an ionic lattice together

Electrostatic forces

What properties does an ionic compound have

An ionic compound has a high melting point an it conducts electricity when liquid

What happens to the atomic radius as you move across a period in the periodic table

It decreases

Relative atomic mass

To find the average mass of an atom

Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points

Because they have a strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions require a large amount of energy to overcome.

Ionic bonding

The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

Atomic number

The number of protons in an atom. It determines the identity of the element and its position in the periodic table

Ion

A charged particle formed when an atom gains or loses electrons

Isotopes chemical and physical properties

Isotopes have identical chemical properties because they have the same electronic structure, but different physical properties ie to different masses

Increasing atomic number

Groups show elements with similar chemical properties, and periods show trends in properties

Noble gases are un reactive because…

They have a full outer shell of electrons, making them stable

Metal characteristics

Conductive and malleable

Non metal characteristics

Insulative and brittle

Fluorine is more reactive than iodine because…

Outer electrons are closer to the nucleus, leading to stronger attraction

Ionic bonding

Is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, formed when electrons are transferred from a metal to a non metal

Why do ionic compounds have a high melting point

ionic compounds have a giant lattice structure, with strong electrostatic forces between ions