Parts of Speech

Noun

person, place, thing, or idea

types of nouns

common and proper, concrete and abstract

The noun being substituted by the pronoun is its

ANTECEDENT

pronouns take the place of a

noun

Intensive pronouns

antecedent is next to the pronoun (makes the pronoun unnecessary and just adds emphasis onto the subject)

Reflexive pronouns

Pronoun functions as direct object, indirect object, or object of a preposition.

Demonstrative pronouns

THIS

THAT

THESE

THOSE

Adjectives

Describe/Modify Nouns and Pronouns

Demonstrative adjectives

THIS

THAT

THESE

THOSE

Interrogative Adjectives

will prompt the questions “which, what, whose?”

Indefinite Adjectives

(not clear exactly which

ones or how many)

Example of Indefinite adjectives

another, each, either, little,

much, neither, one, both,

few, many, several, all, any,

more, most, other, some

Adjectives could be

common (good, delicious) or proper (American, Chinese)

Adjective Articles can be

definite (the) or indefinite (a; an)

Action Verbs

show action (like the infinitive of a verb in latin)

Transitive Action verbs

directs action toward someone or something in the same sentence

Intransitive Action Verbs

does not direct action toward someone or something in the same sentence

Helping verbs

verbs that introduce the main verb (the last verb in the sentence)

Linking verbs

link the subject of the sentence with a noun or adjective that gives us info about the subject

if you can replace a verb with “am, is, are, was, or were” the verb is functioning as a linking verb

Predicate nominative

noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and renames, identifies, or explains the subject of the sentence

Predicate adjective

adjective that follows a linking verb and describes the subject of the sentence

Adverbs

describe/modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. answer questions “when, where, how, to what extent?”

Prepositions

a word that relates the noun or pronoun following it to another word in the sentence.

Prepositional phrases never contain

VERBS!

common prepositions

aboard before down of throughout about behind during on to above below except onto toward across beneath for opposite under after beside from out underneath against besides in outside until along between inside over up among beyond into past upon around but (except) like since with as by near through within

Conjunctions

connect other words, phrases, or clauses within a sentence, creating more complex and flowing sentences

Coordinating conjunctions

and but for nor or so yet

Correlative conjunctions

either..or. neither…nor. not only…but also. both…and. whether..ord

Interjections

typically indicate strong feelings or excitement

examples of interjections

WOw!, OUCh!, YEs!