Correlation and Regression Analysis

Practice flashcards covering essential concepts of correlation and regression analysis from the lecture notes.

What is correlation in correlation analysis?

Association between two variables, not necessarily indicative of causation.

What does regression analysis estimate?

The exact effect of one independent variable on the dependent variable.

What is Pearson's correlation coefficient?

A measure of association that indicates the direction and strength of a relationship between two interval-level variables.

What does a Pearson's r value of 0 indicate?

No relationship exists between the two variables.

In regression analysis, what does the regression coefficient represent?

The estimated size of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable.

What does the regression equation y = a + b(x) represent?

A linear relationship where a is the y-intercept and b is the slope.

What is the relationship between hours studied and test scores as per the example?

Every additional hour studied increases the score by 6 points.

What is the null hypothesis in regression analysis?

The true value of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable is equal to 0.

What is indicated by a t-score equal to or greater than 2 in regression analysis?

We can reject the null hypothesis with confidence.

What does a negative regression coefficient signify?

An inverse relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable.

How can the strength of the relationship between study hours and scores be summarized?

By the regression line that describes the average trend.

What is a scatterplot used for in correlation analysis?

To graphically represent the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.