History Secession Test Vocab Review

Sectionalism

The belief in and support of political, social, and economic interests particular to a region or section of a country. 

Popular Sovereignty

The principle that all political power is vested in the people, who are the source of all government authority.

Tyranny of the Majority

The risk that the will of the majority in a democracy can be used to suppress, oppress, or sideline rights and interests of minority groups, even through democratic means; a concept that goes beyond just government action and can extend to social norms. 

Institutionalized

A social process of developing or transforming rules and procedures that influence of set of human interactions, It is intended to regulate societal behavior within organizations or entire societies.

What are the 3 actions in the process of institutionalizing? 

1.) Rulemaking or instalment 2.) rule adaptation or developing best practices 3.) rule change or replacing old rules with new ones

White Supremacy 

A belief that white people are superior to other races simply because they are white.

Systemic

Refers to something that is embedded (fixed firmly) within the structures, institutions, and policies of a society. 

Westward Expansion 

Supremacy Clause 

Establishes federal laws and the Constitution as the "supreme Law of the Land,"; meaning they take priority over conflicting state laws (this principle is the foundation of federalism)

Federalist

a member of a former political party in the United States that favored a strong centralized federal government

Missouri Compromise (Compromise of 1820)

Coercive Power 

The ability to force compliance from an individual or group through threats, force, or intimidation.

Checks and Balances

A foundational principle of the U.S. government where power is divided among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, each with the power to limit the others (preventing any single branch from becoming too powerful).

Antebellum

belonging to a period before war; time in american history leading up to the secession (1800-1860)

Fugitive Slave Act 

Article 1, Section 2, Clause 3  

In the U.S. Constitution this is the Enumeration Clause, which established the 3/5s Compromise for enslaved people for both representation and taxation.  

Compromise of 1850 

Kansas Nebraska Act

Bleeding Kansas 

Plantation

A large agricultural estate that relied heavily on a system of labor, most notably enslaved labor, to produce and export cash crops.

Slavery

The system of forced labor and ownership of people, and chattel slavery, which was the specific form of slavery in the U.S. where enslaved people were treated as personal property.

Institution

A long-standing organization or practice that shapes society; for example the government, the family, or religious bodies.

Dred Scott Decision 

Abolitionist

A reformer who favors putting an end to slavery

Federalism

A system of government where power is divided and shared between a central, national government and state and local governments. (#statevsgov)

Nullify

To declare invalid