Male Reproductive System: Infections & Diagnostic Terms Not built word parts pt2

Flashcards covering key vocabulary terms related to male reproductive system infections, diagnostic procedures, treatments, and other relevant complementary terms.

chlamydia

Sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium C. trachomatis; sometimes referred to as a silent STI because many people are not aware they have the disease. Symptoms that occur when the disease becomes serious are painful urination and discharge from the penis in men and genital itching, vaginal discharge, and bleeding between menstrual periods in women.

genital herpes

Sexually transmitted infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 2.

gonorrhea

Sexually transmitted infection caused by a bacterial organism that inflames the mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract.

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Sexually transmitted infection caused by a retrovirus that infects T-helper cells of the immune system; may also be acquired in utero or transmitted through infected blood via needle sharing. Advanced HIV infection progresses to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).

human papillomavirus (HPV)

Sexually transmitted infection caused by viral infection; there are more than 40 types of HPV that cause benign or cancerous growths in male and female genitals (also called genital warts).

sexually transmitted infection (STI)

Infection spread through sexual contact; STIs affect males and females, causing damage to reproductive organs and potentially serious health consequences if left untreated (also called sexually transmitted disease [STD]).

MRI ultrasound fusion biopsy

Combination of magnetic resonance imaging with transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to obtain tissue from a prostate lesion. Software merges an existing MR image with live ultrasound images. The combined, or fused, MRI-TRUS image is used to direct the biopsy needle into the area of the prostate that looks suspicious on MRI.

multiparametric MRI

Magnetic resonance imaging procedure providing information of anatomic structure and physiology for the staging of prostate cancer. It uses a combination of different MRI modalities to better understand the size and extent of prostate tumors.

transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)

Ultrasound procedure used to diagnose prostate cancer. Sound waves are sent and received by a transducer probe that is placed into the rectum.

prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Blood test that measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. Elevated test results may indicate the presence of prostate cancer, urinary or prostatic infection, or excess prostate tissue, as found in benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatitis.

semen analysis

Microscopic observation of ejaculated semen, revealing the size, structure, and movement of sperm; used to evaluate male infertility and to determine the effectiveness of a vasectomy (also called sperm count and sperm test).

total testosterone

Blood test to measure the level of the hormone responsible for male physical characteristics (testosterone); used to detect multiple conditions in men and women, including infertility.

digital rectal examination (DRE)

Physical examination in which the healthcare provider inserts a gloved finger into the rectum and palpates the prostate through the rectal wall to determine the size, shape, and consistency of the gland; used to screen for BPH and prostate cancer.

syphilis

Infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Rapidly spreads throughout the body, and if untreated becomes systemic and can progress through three stages separated by latent periods. Usually sexually transmitted, but may be acquired in utero and by direct contact with infected skin.

trichomoniasis

Sexually transmitted infection caused by a one-celled organism Trichomonas. It infects the genitourinary tract. Men may be asymptomatic or may develop urethritis, an enlarged prostate gland, or epididymitis. Women may have vaginal itching, dysuria, and vaginal or urethral discharge.

artificial insemination

Introduction of washed and concentrated sperm into the female reproductive tract; used as a treatment for infertility.

condom

Cover for the penis worn to prevent conception and the spread of sexually transmitted infections.

spermicide

An agent that destroys spermatozoa; used to prevent conception.

azoospermia

Lack of live sperm in the semen (characterized by absence of semen or ejaculation).

ejaculation

Ejection of semen from the male urethra.

orgasm

Climax of sexual stimulation.

puberty

Period when secondary sex characteristics (such as pubic and armpit hair, deepening of voice in men, breast development in women) develop and the ability to reproduce sexually begins.