proteins

Define dipeptide

• Two amino acids

Define a monomer ?

Define a polypeptide ?

• More than two amino acids

Describe the formation of a polypeptide ?

• amino acids are linked by peptide bonds

• A molecule of water is released during this reaction (condensation reactions )

How are amino acids linked ?

• Peptide bonds

• Hydroxyl groups interact

What is the primary structure?

• Amino acids present more determined at a polypeptide to give the protein shape

• Sequence of amino acids

• Peptide bonds are present

What is the secondary structure?

• Hydrogen bonds formed between the NH- and -CO groups of amino acids between chains

• The hydrogen bonds cause the chain to coil into an alpha helix or fold into a beta pleated sheets

What is meant by the tertiary structure?

• The coiled or folded chain is folded further and more bonds form between different parts of the peptide.

What type of bonds could be present within the tertiary structure?

• Ionic

• Disulfide bonds

• Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions

• Hydrogen bond

What cause the bonds within the tertiary structure?

Th R groups

What happens when hydrophobic are groups are close together?

• When hydrophobic art groups are close together, they clump together

What happens when hydrophilic our groups are close together?

• They are pushed to the outside

What is meant by the quaternary structure?

• Individual polypeptide chain determines the structure

• Polypeptide gains are assembled together

Describe the structure of globular proteins ?

• They are compact and spherical

• They form a spherical shape when folding into their tertiary structure because of hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions

describe the structure of haemoglobin ?

• It is a conjugated protein

• Each poor polypeptide chain has a prosthetic group called haem

Describe the structure of fibrosis of proteins

• They are tough and rope sheets