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Morphology
The form and structure of hair.
Hair
Protein polymers made up of repeating units, can be natural or synthetic.
Cuticle
The tough, clear covering of the hair shaft.
Imbricate
Refers to a pattern similar to broken glass.
Spinous
A hair structure characterized by bundled spines.
Coronal
A stacked crown pattern found in hair.
Cortex
The middle layer of hair that gives strength, mass, and color.
Keratin
A tough protein polymer made up of 20 amino acids.
Melanin
The pigment that gives color to hair.
Medulla
The spongy interior of the hair shaft.
Fragmentary
Refers to a medulla that is less than half.
Interrupted
Refers to a medulla that is more than half.
Continuous
Refers to a medulla that is entirely present.
Stacked
A term describing multiple scales found only in animal hair.
Human medulla
Can be fragmentary, interrupted, or continuous.
Animal medulla
Can be continuous or stacked.
Medullary index
A ratio of medulla to total hair diameter.
MI for humans
Less than 1/3.
MI for animals
Greater than 1/2.
Round
Head shape characteristic of Asian or Native American hair.
Oval
Head shape characteristic of European, Mexican, or Middle Eastern hair.
Crescent moon
Head shape characteristic of African hair.
Association
The link between an unknown sample and a known sample.
Questioned
A sample of unknown origin.
Exemplar
A sample of known origin.
Metabolite
A product formed by chemical processes in the body.
False positive
When hair absorbs chemicals from its surroundings leading to incorrect conclusions.
Cheiloscopy
The study of lip prints.