skin care products vocab part 1 ch6 new flash cards

Alpha Hydroxy acids

abbreviated AHAS; derived naturally from various plant sources and from milk; used for improving signs of aging, dry skin, and an uneven skin tone

Aromatherapy

therapeutic use of plant aromas and essential oils for beauty and health treatment purposes; involves the use of highly concentrated, nonoily, and volatile essential oils to induce such reactions as relaxation and invigoration, or to simply create a pleasant fragrance during a service

Beta Hydroxy acids

abbreviated BHAS; exfoliating organic acid; salicylic acid; milder than alpha hydroxy acids (AHAS); BHAS dissolve oil and are beneficial for oily skin

Botanicals

ingredients derived from plants

Chelating agents

a chemical added to cosmetics to improve the efficiency of the preservative

Color Agents

substances such as vegetable, pigment, or mineral dyes that give products color

Detergents

type of surfactant used as cleansers in skin-cleansing products

Emollient

oil or fatty ingredients that lubricate, moisturize, and prevent water loss

Emulsifiers

surfactants that cause oil and water to mix and form an emulsion; an ingredient that brings two normally incompatible materials together and binds them into a uniform and fairly stable blend

Enzymes

provide gentle exfoliation and dissolve keratin proteins within dead skin cells on the surface

Essential oils

• oils derived from herbs; have many different properties and effects on the skin and psyche

Exfoliation

• mechanical and chemical products or processes used to exfoliate the skin

Fatty acids

emollients; lubricant ingredients derived from plant oils or animal fats

Fatty alcohol

emollients;fatty acids that have been exposed to hydrogen

Fatty esters

emollients produced from fatty acids and alcohols

Fragrance free

this term indicates that no additional ingredients have been added to a product to have a scent specifically provide a fragrance; however, it may already contain ingredients that have a scent

Hypoallergenic

refers to ingredients or products that may be less likely to cause allergic reactions

Lipids

fats or fat-like substances; lipids help repair and protect the barrier function of the skin

• Liposomes

• closed lipid bilayer spheres that encapsulate ingredients, target their delivery to specific tissues of the skin, and control their release

Organic

• term used to describe natural-sourced ingredients that are grown without the use of pesticides or chemicals

• Parabens

• one of the most commonly used groups of preservatives in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries; provide bacteriostatic and fungistatic activity against diverse organisms

• Peptides

• chains of amino acids that stimulate fibroblasts, cell metabolism, collagen; improve skin's firmness. Larger chains are called polypeptides

• Performance ingredients

• ingredients in cosmetic products that cause the actual changes in the appearance of the skin

• pH adjusters

• acids or alalis (buses) used to adjust the pH of products

• Polymers

• chemical compounds formed by combining a number of small molecules (monomers) into long chain-like structures; advanced vehicles that release substances onto the skin's surface at a microscopically controlled rate

Retinol

• natural form of vitamin A; stimulates cell repair and helps to normalize skin cells by generating new cells

• Unscented

• products formulated to have no smell; because most ingredients in a formulation do have an odor, more ingredients have to be added to neutralize the smell

Vegan

• A product that’s labeled vegan should not contain any animal ingredients or animal by products

Vehicles

• spreading agents and ingredients that carry or deliver other ingredients into the skin and make them more effective

Water soluble

Mixable with water

• Functional ingredients

• ingredients in cosmetic products that allow the products to spread, give them body and texture, and give them a specific form such as a lotion, cream, or gel; preservatives are also functional ingredients