Construction: Lighting

Illumination and lighting

is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect, both natural and artificial sources that enhances tasks, improves appearance of the area, and creates a positive psychological effects

Natural light

it is a source of light from the sun during daytime, by using windows, skylights.

Artificial light

is a source of light from man-made electrical sources

General lighting

is a method of lighting known as background lighting, for uniform illumination of the general area

Local lighting

is a method of lighting that provides a high level illumination over a small area, with a surrounding area of lower intensity, it is opposite to general illumination

Task lighting

is a method of lighting that provides a strong illumination of specific light for a specific task

Accent lighting

is a method of lighting that is for revealing and enhancing the texture, color, and space for visual satisfaction

Information lighting

is a method of lighting that provides an information in places with total darkness, it is utilitarian for the promotion of safety and comfort

Highlight

used to emphasize an object by illuminating with a strong light

Backlight

illuminates something from behind

Sidelight

a light coming from the side

Soft light

a diffused light that produces little contrast and poorly defines shadows

Hard light

a direct light that produces high contrast and defines shadows

Indirect

a lighting distribution that 90-100% towards the ceiling and upper walls

Semi-indirect

a lighting distribution that 60-90% upwards, 40-10% downwards

Direct-indirect

equal distribution of light upward and downward

Semi-direct

a lighting distribution that 60-90% downwards, 40-10% upwards

Direct

a lighting distribution that 90-100% downwards

General

a lighting distribution in all sides

Cornice lighting

a lighting system that shields a light by a panel parallel to the wall, which is attached to the ceiling giving a downward lighting

Cove lighting

a lighting system that shields the light by a ledge attached to the wall creating an upward lighting

Valance lighting

a lighting system that shields the light by a panel parallel to the wall, that provides both upward and downward lighting

Incandescent lamp

is an artificial light that works by incandescence, w/ an enclosed filament that when heated through the lamp base, it emits a visible light. It is the first modern electric lamp made during 19th century.

Tungsten

(halogen) is also called a quartz-iodine lamps, which uses a halogen gas cycle in preventing rapid depreciation of the lamp filament. It is made due to the short lifespan of a bulb, and it also emits a very high temperature.

Filament

is a part of an incandescent lamp that is like a thread like conductor that when heated to incandescence by the passage of an electric current

Bulb

is the glass housing of a lamp

Lamp base

a part of a bulb that connects to the lamp holder

A bulb

is a general round shape of bulb

B bulb

flame-shaped bulb; low-wattage, decorative incandescent

C bulb

cone-shaped bulb; low-wattage, decorative incandescent

CA bulb

candle-shaped bulb; low-wattage, decorative incandescent

R bulb

a reflector bulb of blown glass for incandescent & high intensity discharge lamps; internal reflective coating; either clear or frosted glass front to provide the desired beam spread

PAR bulb

is a parabolic aluminized reflector bulb cast-glass for incandescent; high-intensity discharge lamps

ER bulb

a ellipsoidal reflector bulb having a internal reflector and collects lights and redirects dispersed pattern at some distance

A/SB bulb

is an A bulb having a hemispherical reflective silver bowl opposite to the lamp base too decrease glare

G bulb

a globed-shaped bulb; low brightness for exposed use

PS bulb

Pear-shaped bulb for large incandescent lamps

S bulb

Straight-sided bulb; low wattage, decorative incandescent lamps

MR bulb

a multifaceted reflector bulb for tungsten-halogen lamps; polished reflector arranged in discrete segments to provide desired beam spread

Fluorescent Lamp

a cylindrical glass tube, sealed at both ends, containing a mixture of inert gas(argon and mercury). it has a cathode that supplies electron s to start and maintain the mercury arc or gaseous discharge. UV light is absorbed by the phosphors, and a coated inside.

Ballast

is a required material that regulates the flow of the power in a fluorescent lamp

Fluorescence

the emission of radiation by a substance when exposed to external radiation

Phosphor

any of a number of substances that emit light when energized by radiation

Compact Fluorescent Lamps

a type of lamp designed to fit into roughly the same space of a fluorescent but has a fluorescence advantage. It has a longer life, and uses less energy.

Neon Vapor Lamps

a cold cathode lamp emitting a glow when a high voltage is applied across two electrodes in a neon filled glass-tube. It discharges a lamp even not heated.

Led strip

A flexible or rigid linear module with very low profile, surface-mounted LEDs, used for edge lighting, display lighting, and cove lighting.

T-bulb

A tubular bulb for incandescent, flourescent, and high-intensity-discharge lamps.

Circlieline lamp

A doughnut-shaped fluorescent lamp for circular luminaires

U-bent lamp

A U-shaped fluorescent lamp for square or rectangular luminaries

Color temperature

The temperature at which a blackbody emits light of a specified spectral diatribution, used to specify the color of a light source.

Fluorescent lamp

A tubular dischargw lamp in which light is produced by the fluorescence of phosphors coating the inside of the tube

Preheat lamp

A fluorescent lamp that requires a separate starter to preheat the cathodes before opening rhe circuit to the starting voltage

BTriphosphor

A phosphor having peaks in three specific color regions, red, blue, and green, used to improve the color rendering of a fluorescent lamp.

LED fixture

A fully assembled light fixture utilizing LED lamps and equipped with a compact LED driver for connecting to 110-240 V power sources

LED tube

An LED lamp designed to serve as replacement for traditional T8 or T10 or T12 fluorescent tubes

BT bulb

A bulged bulb for high intensity diacharge lamps

E bulb

An ellipsoidal bulb for high intensity diacharge lamps

Reflector

A surface of reflecting light, heat or sound, especially the device on a luminaire having such a surface for controlling the distribution of light emmitted by a lamp

Lens

A piece of transparent material, such as glass or plastic, having two opposite surfaces either or both of which are curved, used in luminaires to focus, disperse, or collimate the emitted light

Fresnel lens

A lens having concentric, prismatic grooves to concentrate light from a small source

Prismatic lens

A lens having a multifaceted surface with parallel prisms to redirect the rays from a light source

Bridge lamp

A floor lamp having the light source on a hinged, horizontally adjustable arm

Gooseneck

A desk lamp having a flexible shaft resembling the neck of a goose

Chandelier

A decorative lighting fixture suspended from a ceilig, usually having branced supports for a number of lamps

Sconce

A decorative wall bracket for candles or other lights

Torchiere

A floor lamp having its light source within a reflecting bowl that directs the light upward.

Pendant

A lighting fixture suspended from a ceiling

Drop light

A lighting fixture suapended from a ceiling or wall by a flexible cord, by which it can be raised or lowered

Trofer

A luminaire having a trough shaped reflector holding one or more fluorescent lamps.

Area source

A light source having significant dimensions in two directions, such as a large window or a luminous ceiling

Linear source

A light source having one dimension significantly greater than its other dimensions, such as a fluorescent lamp.

Light strip

A rigid or flexible tape with exposed low-voltage light sources of 1 to 10 watts.

Track lighting

Lighting provided by adjustable spotlights mounted along a narrow, ceiling or wall mounted metal track through which current is conducted

Wall washer

A downlight mounted close to the plane of a wall and equipped with a reflector, baffle, or lens to iluminate the vertical surface.

Floodlight

A lamp designed to project or diffuse a comparatively uniform level of illumination over a large area. Also called flood, flood lamp.

Downlight

A luminaire consisting of a lamp set in a metal cylinder, recessed into or mounted on a ceiling to direct a beam of light downward

Spotlight

A lamp designed to project a strong, focused beam of light on an object or area. Also called spot

Spill

Superfluous or useless light rays, as from a spotlight or other focused light source. Also called spill light

Point source

A light source having a maximum dimension less than one fifth the distance from the source to the surface iluminated

Lighting

The science, theory, or method of providing ilumination through the use of electric lamps.