bio cell respiration

what organelle does photosynthesis take place

Chloroplast

names of the two reactions that make up photosynthesis

photosystems and calvin cycle

OR

light dependant and light independent

what are the products of the calvin cycle

sugar/glucose/carbs

(C6 H12 O6)

The products of the Photosystems reaction

ATP and O2

photosystems are made of these two things

chlorophyll and proteins

Main source of energy for the cell

carbohydrates

the ultimate source of energy on earth

the sun

the process that releases energy from food with oxygen present

cellular respiration

the turning of ATP synthase does this, creating energy for the cell to use

attaches a phosphate group to ADP creating an ATP molecule

names of the parts of atp

adenine, ribose, 3 phosphate groups

the organelle in eukaryotes where cellular respiration takes place

mitochondria

the three steps of cellular respiration in order

1. glycolysis

2. krebs cycle

3. electron transport chain ETC

byproduct of the citric acid cycle

CO2

steps that require oxygen

krebs cycle and ETC

these carry electrons from glycolysis and the krebs cycle to the electron transport chain

NADH and FADH2

number of carbons in a pyruvate molecule

3

Number of ATP molecules made in cellular respiration for each molecule of Glucose

36 ATP

Net gain of ATP molecules in Glycolsis

2 ATP

Number of NADH molecules created in the Krebs cycle

8 NADH (4 for each pyruvate)

Number of calories in a 120 Calorie snack

(1 Calorie = 1kcal)

120,000

Pigment that absorbs sunlight

chlorophyll

Process that takes place after glycolysis if there is no oxygen present

fermentation

Carbon product of glycolysis

2 pyruvate molecules

Product of fermentation in animal muscle cells

lactic acid

This moves through ATP Synthase, causing it to rotate

hydrogen

Process that breaks a 6 C sugar into two 3-C molecules

glycolysis

This happens to the carbons as they are broken off the chain during the Krebs cycle.

bonds with O2

forming CO2 and

leaves as a byproduct

Light does this at the Photosystem II, causing electrons to excite and travel through an electron transport chain

splits water

The Calvin cycle uses this, which was made in the Photosystem reaction, to rearrange the carbons and eventually make carbohydrates.

ATP

H+ gather in this area of the mitochondria before being forced through the ATP Synthase.

inner membrane space

Overall, only about 40% of energy in Glucose is turned into ATP; what happens to the rest?

it is lost to heat