BJU Press- Biology chapter 2

what affects reactions by speeding them up and slows down activation energy?

catalyst

universal solvent

water

what kind of reaction absorbs heat?

endothermic reaction

what kind of energy is required to activate a reaction?

activation energy

what kind of reaction needs a big amount of activation energy?

exothermic reaction

living things depending on energy's tendency to disperse

entropy

a uniform mixture

solution

the process by which one substance is broken up into smaller pieces, usually by ions, by another substance (water)

dissolving

a substance that dissolves in water to form hydrogen ions

acid

a substance that dissolves in water to form hydroxide ions

base

the dispersion of substances through brownian motion

diffusion

what we began with

reactants

what we ended up with

products

a class of catalysts that naturally occurs on living things

enzymes

The ability to do work or cause change

energy

energy of motion

kinetic energy

stored energy

potential energy

first law of thermodynamics (law of conservation of energy)

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

second law of thermodynamics

Whenever energy is used some of it is rendered unusable

surface of the enzyme

Active site

The molecule that the enzyme will bind with

substrate

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

cohesion

One of the forces that draws water move through the vessels of its stems and leaves

adhesion

A molecule with charged poles is said to be

Polar molecule

Difference between the numbers of one type of molecule in two adjacent areas

concentration gradient

A barrier that allows passage of all molecules

permeable

They will permit the water molecules to pass through but will not permit the larger molasses to pass through

Semipermeable membrane

diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane

osmosis