INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: RGO

He is considered the Father of Scientific Management, wherein scientific and empirical means were employed in selecting and training workers.

A. Frederick Taylor

B. Hugo Munsterberg

C. Elton Mayo

D. Walter Dill Scott

ANSWER: A. Frederick Taylor

Why are Frank and Lilian Gilbreth influential in I/O psychology?

A. They increased productivity by inventing the conveyor belt

B. They discovered that when there are supervisors, employees become more productive

C. They recognized that increasing efficiency should not come at the expense of the worker's well-being.

D. They authored a book that connected psychology and advertising

ANSWER: C. They recognized that increasing efficiency should not come at the expense of the worker's well-being.

The Hawthorne Studies of Elton Mayo and colleagues strongly emphasized which of the following?

A. Human relations significantly impact work

B. Equipment and tools increase efficiency, but also fatigue

C. Managers should not have absolute power in decision-making

D. All of the above

ANSWER: A. Human relations significantly impact work

What is least likely FALSE about the Hawthorne effect?

A. The researchers set out to study the effects of supervision on employee behavior

B. The Hawthorne effect is not stable in that behavior returns to normal after prolonged exposure

C. The Hawthorne effect also applies when the employees are observing their own behavior

D. All of the above

ANSWER: A. The researchers set out to study the effects of supervision on employee behavior

There are two goals of I/O psychology. The practical one is to improve the psychological well-being of workers. What is the scientific one?

A. To increase profits and decrease unnecessary spending

B. To increase knowledge and understanding of work behavior

C. To maximize human resources for organizational growth

D. To offer alternatives to existing psychological theories regarding personality

ANSWER: B. To increase knowledge and understanding of work behavior

As a human resource officer, you are responsible for employee recruitment, selection, and performance evaluation. Which branch of psychology involves these human resource functions?

A. Industrial Psychology

B. Organizational Psychology

C. Industrial/Organizational Psychology

D. Personnel Psychology

ANSWER: A. Industrial Psychology

A psychologist surveys the employees' perception regarding the company's strengths and weaknesses and recommends how the identified areas can be improved. Which branch of psychology is this psychologist operating in?

A. Industrial Psychology

B. Organizational Psychology

C. Industrial/Organizational Psychology

D. Personnel Psychology

ANSWER: B. Organizational Psychology

Which of the following statements falls under the study of human factors?

A. Determining which employee to promote or remove

B. Arranging the layout of the office for maximum efficiency

C. Giving surveys to employees to determine their attitude toward the current administration

D. Creating a counseling program for the employees

ANSWER: B. Arranging the layout of the office for maximum efficiency

Which of the following tasks is least likely to be performed by a human resource officer?

A. Recruit through social media platforms

B. Provide counseling and therapy to troubled employees

C. Make promotion decisions based on performance evaluations

D. Conducting team-building activities

ANSWER: B. Provide counseling and therapy to troubled employees

Theories that emphasize formal organization, such as Scientific Management Theory and Administrative Theory, are categorized under which grand Organizational Theory?

A. Classical Organizational Theory

B. Neo-classical Organizational Theory

C. Modern Organizational Theory

D. Contingency Theory

ANSWER: A. Classical Organizational Theory

With the trade wars occurring around the globe, rising cost of production, and civil and political instability, Benny is reconsidering his decision to expand his company and decides to put it off for another five years. Which of the following organizational theories is he adhering to?

A. Classical Organizational Theory

B. Neo-classical Organizational Theory

C. Modern Organizational Theory

D. Contingency Theory

ANSWER: C. Modern Organizational Theory

Which of the following would likely be Toph's first step to structuring her business?

A. Count how many employees she has currently and how many she plans to hire in the next few months.

B. Identify the job titles and designs in her business and how they differ from one another.

C. Examine how her competitors have structured their businesses and simply model after them.

D. All of the above are equally valid starting points.

ANSWER: B. Identify the job titles and designs in her business and how they differ from one another.

If Toph focused on expanding her line of services from gardening to now offering landscaping, what kind of departmentalization would BEST fit her goal?

A. Functional Departmentalization

B. Division Departmentalization

C. Geographical Departmentalization

D. Authority Departmentalization

ANSWER: B. Division Departmentalization

Toph's business partner recommends switching their pine tree seedlings and fertilizers supplier from Pangasinan to Baguio to cut costs. If she were to structure her business per this recommendation, what kind of departmentalization would BEST fit her goal?

A. Functional Departmentalization

B. Division Departmentalization

C. Geographical Departmentalization

D. Authority Departmentalization

ANSWER: C. Geographical Departmentalization

Which human resource function must be conducted first before a training program, recruitment ad, or an organizational chart can be made?

A. Job evaluation

B. Job analysis

C. Grievance system

D. Performance Evaluations

ANSWER: B. Job analysis

You are responsible for conducting a job analysis as the human resource assistant director. Which of the following are part of that task?

A. Writing the tasks for each job

B. Describing how employees are doing their job

C. Identifying machines and tools needed for each job

D. Identifying the requirements needed to do each job.

E. All of the above

ANSWER: E. All of the above

Which of the following is NOT a way to do the job analysis?

A. Observe the ones already in the position you are creating the job analysis for

B. Participate in the job and the tasks yourself

C. Talk to supervisors or people who have previously been in the position

D. Look at an older job analysis that has already been made

E. All are valid ways of conducting job analysis

ANSWER: E. All are valid ways of conducting job analysis

What part of a job description is MOST likely to determine an employee's or an applicant's identity in the workplace and their perception of the job?

A. Internal Pay Equity

B. Work equipment

C. Job Competencies

D. Job Title

ANSWER: D. Job Title

Amy has quick reflexes and fast reaction time. Which competency would these be categorized under?

A. Knowledge

B. Skills

C. Abilities

D. Other

ANSWER: C. Abilities

Tony was not accepted as a military cadet despite being a professional martial artist due to his poor vision. What does he lack?

A. Knowledge

B. Skill

C. Ability

D. Others

ANSWER: C. Ability

Carlos is applying to be a medical representative. The recruiter tells him they need a copy of his driver's license and all the training certificates relevant to the job. How will these be categorized?

A. Knowledge

B. Skill

C. Ability

D. Others

ANSWER: D. Others

Which test did Flanagan develop with his students to determine successful and unsuccessful job performance, which could be used for job analysis?

A. JCI

B. TTA

C. CIT

D. ONET

ANSWER: C. CIT

Allison wonders why her colleagues are paid more than she is, even if they share the same position and work the same hours. Which of the following human resource functions would MOST likely explain this difference?

A. Payrolling

B. Job evaluation

C. Job costing

D. Incentivizing

ANSWER: B. Job evaluation

Statement I. Internal pay equity only compares jobs within the company

Statement II. It is inappropriate for a company to compare its employees' salaries to those of employees in another company in the same industry.

A. Only I is TRUE

B. Only II is TRUE

C. Both are TRUE

D. Both are FALSE

ANSWER: A. Only I is TRUE

Which of the following is NOT a consideration when determining and comparing the salaries of jobs within an organization?

A. The organization's market position in its respective industry

B. Educational attainment of employees

C. Whether employees work in the field, at home, or in the office

D. All of the above are considerations

ANSWER: D. All of the above are considerations

Which of the following situations is NOT an example of external pay equity?

A. May is paid more than Mae since she has been with the company longer.

B. Denise and Denis are paid the same, but Denis demands more since he works the night shift.

C. Gail works for the finance department and is paid more than Gale, who works in housekeeping.

D. All of the above

ANSWER: A. May is paid more than Mae since she has been with the company longer.

Sebu Pacifier and Philippine Airplane are both in the airline industry. Sebu wants to determine whether the pay for their flight attendants is fair and competitive. What is the best way to gather this information?

A. Ask for a salary survey from Philippine Airplane that lists how much they pay their employees

B. Hire flight attendants who were formerly employed by Philippine Airplanes and ask them

C. The information that Sebu is looking for is usually public and can be accessed easily online

D. Request for an audit of Philippine Airplane

ANSWER: A. Ask for a salary survey from Philippine Airplane that lists how much they pay their employees

The issue of comparable worth is seen in which of the following?

A. Ash finds it unfair that Gary is given bigger opportunities because he is white. What Ash does not know is that Gary has better qualifications.

B. John and Mandy are at the same level regarding credentials and qualifications. However, John is given a higher-paying job than Mandy in the same company.

C. Mia advocates for transparency and open communication. She knows that there are problems with how funds are handled.

D. Jin is the oldest worker on his cruise ship, but is given the most challenging work.

ANSWER: B. John and Mandy are at the same level regarding credentials and qualifications. However, John is given a higher-paying job than Mandy in the same company.

Charmie accuses Cynthia of stealing her lunch, claiming that it always disappears whenever Cynthia is around. As the human resource officer, you listen to both sides and help them reach a mutually agreeable resolution. What role are you performing in this situation?

A. Auditor

B. Ombudsperson

C. Arbiter

D. Mediator

ANSWER: D. Mediator

Unfortunately, Charmie and Cynthia from no. 29 were not able to agree on a compromise. Hence, you review their arguments and decide that Cynthia should compensate Charmie and be transferred to another department. What role are you performing in this situation?

A. Auditor

B. Ombudsperson

C. Arbiter

D. Mediator

ANSWER: C. Arbiter

Peter filed a complaint against OSCORP, and a decision was made in OSCORP's favor. Peter is unable to pursue his case anymore. What decision was made?

A. Absolute Mediation

B. Non-contestable Audit

C. Binding Arbitration

D. Non-binding Arbitration

ANSWER: C. Binding Arbitration

After an hour of debating whose idea should be implemented, Hans tells his coworker, "Okay, arguing won't work things out. How about we scrap everything and make a new plan together instead?" What conflict management style is depicted?

A. Competing

B. Collaborating

C. Avoiding

D. Accommodating

E. Compromising

ANSWER: B. Collaborating

"I'll have to ask for approval first before I decide. This is beyond my jurisdiction," the program head tells the employees, asking her to let some students retake courses they failed. What conflict management style is depicted?

A. Competing

B. Collaborating

C. Avoiding

D. Accommodating

E. Compromising

ANSWER: C. Avoiding

Stewie is the vice president of an advertising company. He is perverted and biased, promoting employees who grant him sexual favors. What is this called?

A. Hostile Environment

B. Sexual Harassment

C. Quid Pro Quo

D. Abuse of Power

ANSWER: C. Quid Pro Quo

Which of the following is TRUE about harassment in the workplace?

A. A single occurrence of quid pro quo can already warrant legal action.

B. Work environments are considered hostile if they inhibit an employee from doing their job

C. Generally, it is unethical for employers and employees to engage in relationships, even if it is consensual

D. All of the above

E. None of the above

ANSWER: A. A single occurrence of quid pro quo can already warrant legal action.

Security cameras were installed in Caroline's office without her knowledge, and her work emails were monitored. If she were to file a case, on what grounds would her arguments be valid?

A. The right to privacy is a fundamental human right and must always be upheld.

B. Caroline had no previous knowledge of the company's intentions. They failed to communicate their safety procedures to the employees.

C. The company has the right to do these procedures without prior notice since they have sovereignty over its employees.

D. Filing a case against her employers is impossible since the company owns Caroline's office and computer.

ANSWER: B. Caroline had no previous knowledge of the company's intentions. They failed to communicate their safety procedures to the employees.

As a hotel manager, Berry must have a plan to attract job seekers to address the surge of tourists in the summer season. Which of the following should he focus on?

A. Advertising

B. Recruitment

C. Drafting

D. Selection

ANSWER: B. Recruitment

Statement I. Hiring externally costs more than hiring from within the company

Statement II. Internal recruitment increases employee morale and motivation

A. Only I is TRUE

B. Only II is TRUE

C. Both are TRUE

D. Both are FALSE

ANSWER: C. Both are TRUE

Among the following recruitment methods, which has the MOST predictive validity?

A. Job Postings

B. Job Fairs

C. Employee Referrals

D. Situation-Wanted Method

ANSWER: C. Employee Referrals

Niall has difficulties looking for a job he is qualified for in the newspaper. He decided to advertise himself to employers by creating an online profile detailing his education and work experience. What is he using?

A. Point-of-Purchase Method

B. Situation-Wanted Method

C. Blind-Box Method

D. Job Posting Method

ANSWER: B. Situation-Wanted Method

Niall sees an ad that says, "Psychometrician wanted! Enjoy a 12,000-15,000 monthly salary plus benefits! Interested? Call this number now!" He noticed that the company name was not written on the ad. What type of hiring method did the company employ?

A. Point-of-Purchase Method

B. Situation-Wanted Method

C. Blind-Box Method

D. Blind Hiring

ANSWER: C. Blind-Box Method

Which of the following is NOT a reason why companies would remove their name from a hiring ad?

A. Prestigious hiring companies want to avoid the massive influx of applicants who wish to work for them despite being unqualified.

B. Companies with bad reputations do not want their potential applicants to be discouraged.

C. Companies want their customers to be employees by posting ads where they are most visible.

D. Companies want to avoid the hassle and drama of a current employee finding out they will be replaced through a hiring ad for their position.

ANSWER: C. Companies want their customers to be employees by posting ads where they are most visible.

Which is the best method for evaluating the effectiveness of a hiring method?

A. Determining the cost per applicant

B. Determining the cost per qualified applicant

C. Determining the number of applicants attracted

D. Determining the number of successful applicants

ANSWER: B. Determining the cost per qualified applicant

What type of resume are you making if you arrange your work experience and skills from the most relevant to the least relevant, considering the job requirements you are applying for?

A. Chronological resume

B. Functional resume

C. Graduating resume

D. Psychological resume

ANSWER: B. Functional resume

After your interview with an applicant for the position of a schoolteacher, you say, "I would like to tell you that most of your time will be spent preparing learning materials. Sometimes you must also operate the sound system for our flag ceremonies. If hired, you will only be given five subjects until you become a regular employee. Our headteachers are also strict regarding visual aids." What are you giving the applicant?

A. Realistic Job Preview

B. Expectation Lowering Procedure

C. Tell and Sell Feedback

D. Preliminary Orientation

ANSWER: A. Realistic Job Preview

Statement I. There is no legal liability if you falsify your credentials if it is not your resume or CV

Statement II. A reference person can state anything in a reference letter, even if it is negative, if they believe it to be true

A. Only I is TRUE

B. Only II is TRUE

C. Both are TRUE

D. Both are FALSE

ANSWER: B. Only II is TRUE

The company had done a thorough background and reference check before hiring an employee who injured a client. They found nothing suspicious to indicate a history of negative behavior. Based on these details, does the client have the right to sue the company for negligent hiring?

A. Yes, since the company bears jurisdiction over its employees

B. Yes, since the company did not do enough to ensure the integrity and moral character of the hired people.

C. No, since it should be the employee who should be sued.

D. No, since the company did all the necessary procedures, which gave them no reason not to hire the person.

ANSWER: D. No, since the company did all the necessary procedures, which gave them no reason not to hire the person.

This is a widely used group cognitive ability test administered in approximately 12 minutes.

A. Wonderlic Personnel Test

B. Wonderlic Personality Test

C. Siena Reasoning Test

D. Basic Cognitive Reasoning Test

ANSWER: A. Wonderlic Personnel Test

Sonnie, applying to be a psychometrician, was asked to administer an intelligence test while the recruiter assessed him. What is this selection method?

A. Simulation

B. Business Games

C. Work Sample

D. In-basket

ANSWER: C. Work Sample

This selection technique simulates job tasks wherein applicants must sort information into those already completed and those yet to be handled.

A. Simulation

B. Business Games

C. Work Sample

D. In-basket

ANSWER: D. In-basket

Which selection method is the least likely to predict future job performance among the following selection methods?

A. Interviews

B. Work Samples

C. Interest Inventories

D. Reference or recommendation letters

ANSWER: C. Interest Inventories

What is NOT a characteristic of a completely unstructured interview format?

A. It is less defensible in court

B. It has standardized scoring

C. It is perceived to be more accommodating to applicants

D. It requires a greater amount of experience from an interviewer

ANSWER: B. It has standardized scoring

Statement I. Structured interviews are easier to score than unstructured interviews

Statement II. Unstructured interviews allow applicants more freedom to answer questions and share other information

A. Only I is TRUE

B. Only II is TRUE

C. Both are TRUE

D. Both are FALSE

ANSWER: C. Both are TRUE

Why is the question 'What makes you different from other applicants?' not ideal for interviews?

A. Because it is a disqualifier

B. Because it invades the privacy of an applicant

C. Because it is not job-related

D. Because it is too easy to answer

ANSWER: C. Because it is not job-related

"How were you able to prove to your previous employer that you were a hard worker?" What kind of interview question is this?

A. Clarifier

B. Disqualifier

C. Situational

D. Behavioral

ANSWER: D. Behavioral

"Can you work on weekends?" or "Are you open to moving to our Pampanga branch after two months?" are what types of interview questions?

A. Clarifier

B. Disqualifier

C. Situational

D. Behavioral

ANSWER: B. Disqualifier

Which of the following is a situational interview question?

A. In your resume, you did not work from 2012 to 2016. May I ask why?

B. Say a customer pays you to process her documents before the other customers are in line. What would you do?

C. Can you share a challenging experience with a coworker in your previous company and how you got past it?

D. Do you have your driver's license already?

ANSWER: B. Say a customer pays you to process her documents before the other customers are in line. What would you do?

What scoring method is used if there are several possible answers with corresponding points to interview questions?

A. Right/Wrong Approach

B. Typical-Answers Approach

C. Key-Issues Approach

D. Lawshe Formula

ANSWER: C. Key-Issues Approach

Carmela ranks the applicants by their scores and then selects the highest scorer, moving downwards until she fills all their job vacancies. What type of selection method was used?

A. Top-Down

B. Rule of Three

C. Banding

D. Passing Scores

ANSWER: A. Top-Down

Susan, Peter, and Edmund scored the highest during the selection process. The recruiter submits their profile to the HR director, who makes the hiring decisions. What kind of selection technique is this?

A. Passing Scores

B. Top-Down

C. Rule of Three

D. Multiple Cut-Off

ANSWER: C. Rule of Three

In this selection method, every applicant is given all the assessments, such as tests, interviews, work samples, etc., and failing just one assessment will automatically remove an applicant from the possible list of hires. What is this selection method?

A. Passing Scores

B. Banding

C. Multiple Cut-Off

D. Multiple Hurdle

ANSWER: C. Multiple Cut-Off

At the beginning of Squid Game, many contestants wanted to win. In every stage of the game, the number of contestants got smaller and smaller until only a few were left. If they were all vying for a job vacancy, what selection technique would Squid Game employ?

A. Passing Scores

B. Top-Down

C. Multiple Cut-Off

D. Multiple Hurdle

ANSWER: D. Multiple Hurdle

Which of the following is least likely to be TRUE?

A. High performers evaluate their peers more strictly than low performers.

B. Employees tend to react worse to negative feedback from peers than from experts.

C. Peer ratings are fairly reliable only when the raters are similar to and well acquainted with the colleagues they are rating.

D. Peer ratings are the most common type of performance appraisals.

ANSWER: D. Peer ratings are the most common type of performance appraisals.

Which of the following is LEAST advisable as a source for performance evaluation data due to concerns about its validity?

A. Supervisor appraisals

B. Subordinate appraisals

C. Customer appraisals

D. Peer appraisals

ANSWER: B. Subordinate appraisals

This concept refers to when a rater fails to discriminate between two employees who are rated sequentially, wherein the first employee's rating affects the second's rating.

A. Assimilation error

B. Proximity error

C. Contrast error

D. Carryover effect

ANSWER: C. Contrast error

Although Bonnie observes that Caitlyn is not a good worker, she still rates her highly since the previous rater did the same. What error is being committed?

A. Halo Error

B. Leniency Error

C. Assimilation Error

D. Reference Error

ANSWER: C. Assimilation Error

Patricia evaluates her serving girls and cooks based on their honesty in the restaurant. What kind of approach to performance appraisal is Patricia using?

A. Competency-focused

B. Trait-focused

C. Character-focused

D. Contextual-focused

ANSWER: B. Trait-focused

How many pairs will be evaluated if a shop has seven employees using the paired comparisons method?

A. 28

B. 14

C. 21

D. 7

ANSWER: C. 21

If a garment factory is using the quality of work as the basis for performance appraisal of their employees, which of the following should they look into?

A. Punctuality of the employees

B. Adherence to safety rules

C. Number of garments they can produce in a given period

D. Errors that they commit while working on garments

ANSWER: D. Errors that they commit while working on garments

This method of communicating appraisal results starts with telling employees what they have done poorly, then marketing ways to improve.

A. Feedback sandwich

B. Tell and Sell

C. Negative-positive

D. Collaborative

ANSWER: B. Tell and Sell

Companies are allowed to fire employees at any time. In what situation would this be invalid?

A. If the employee has no contract with the company

B. If the company is in the private sector

C. If an employee has refused to violate the ethics of his profession for the company

D. If the employee is still in the probationary period.

ANSWER: C. If an employee has refused to violate the ethics of his profession for the company

Statement I. It is not illegal for companies to reduce their workforce when they are not doing well financially

Statement II. Employees who resign are still entitled to a separation pay

A. Only I is TRUE

B. Only II is TRUE

C. Both are TRUE

D. Both are FALSE

ANSWER: A. Only I is TRUE

Which is the correct order when conducting a Training Needs Analysis?

A. Person Analysis, Organizational Analysis, Task Analysis

B. Person Analysis, Task Analysis, Organizational Analysis

C. Organizational Analysis, Task Analysis, Person Analysis

D. Task Analysis, Organizational Analysis, Person Analysis

ANSWER: C. Organizational Analysis, Task Analysis, Person Analysis

Before conducting training, you must determine whether there is a budget and whether the training period will interfere with other scheduled activities. Which phase of the Training Needs Analysis are these done?

A. Organizational Analysis

B. Task Analysis

C. Person Analysis

D. These are not part of a Training Needs Analysis

ANSWER: A. Organizational Analysis

In determining what skills and knowledge employees need to train in, which of the following references is MOST relevant?

A. Job Analysis

B. Job Evaluations

C. Performance Evaluations

D. Annual Budget Reports

ANSWER: A. Job Analysis

Reviewing seriously the night before a final examination is called?

A. Distributed practice

B. Aggregated practice

C. Massed practice

D. Bravery

ANSWER: C. Massed practice

First responders are trained in CPR using fake emergencies and dummies. This prepares them for actual events when CPR is needed. What training method is used?

A. Behavior Modeling

B. Role Play

C. Programmed Instruction

D. Simulation

ANSWER: D. Simulation

During training, the manager shows the trainees how to deal with customer complaints, after which the trainees take turns doing the exercise. What training method is used?

A. Behavior Modeling

B. Role Play

C. Programmed Instruction

D. NOTA

ANSWER: A. Behavior Modeling

A company wants to use an interactive e-learning training method. What method should they use?

A. Webinars

B. Webcasts

C. Simulations

D. Role Play

ANSWER: C. Simulations

This is commonly used to train non-managerial employees. It allows for lateral transfers within the company and effectively ensures that the tasks of absent employees are accomplished.

A. Apprentice Training

B. Backlog Training

C. Cross-Training

D. Coaching

ANSWER: C. Cross-Training

On-the-job Training methods heavily rely on which of the following learning theories?

A. Gestalt Theory by Wertheimer

B. Operant Conditioning by Skinner

C. Observational Learning by Bandura

D. Classical Conditioning by Pavlov

ANSWER: C. Observational Learning by Bandura

Illia is extremely dissatisfied with the afternoon's training session, as the speaker appeared to be unaware of his audience's culture. He provides poor feedback during the post-training evaluation and comments on how the activity had no valuable application to his work.

A. Reaction criteria

B. Behavioral criteria

C. Learning criteria

D. Return on investment criteria

ANSWER: A. Reaction criteria

Although extremely inconvenient for employees, Faraday Institute insists on a 4-day mandatory operational systems training program since their metrics show an annual 24 to 30% increase in revenue and consumer engagement after said program.

A. Reaction criteria

B. Behavioral criteria

C. Learning criteria

D. Return on investment criteria

ANSWER: D. Return on investment criteria

Which of the following training would be considered the MOST effective?

A. Psychological First Aid training - mixed reactions from employees, a moderate increase in post-test scores, no return on investment

B. DSM-V TR Workshop poor feedback from trainees, successful post-training simulation, 24% increase in appraisal scores

C. Al in Clinical Psychology high satisfaction scores from employees, no post-test/simulation, 16% return of investment

D. RA 29903 Orientation - no feedback survey, 15% increase in post-test scores, an average of 1 pt increase in appraisal scores

E. All of the above are equally effective

ANSWER: D. RA 29903 Orientation - no feedback survey, 15% increase in post-test scores, an average of 1 pt increase in appraisal scores

Betty is discouraged because the director does not believe she can play Juliet. What would the effect be called if this causes her to perform poorly in her other projects?

A. Golem effect

B. Golum effect

C. Pygmalion effect

D. Galatea effect

ANSWER: A. Golem effect

The producer, Rachel, expresses her confidence in Betty and says that she is perfect for the role of Juliet. Rachel continuously cheers her on throughout the play. What would the effect be called if this causes an increase in Betty's performance?

A. Golem effect

B. Self-fulfilling

C. Pygmalion effect

D. Galatea effect

ANSWER: C. Pygmalion effect

"Field officers are provided with company vehicles and gas allowances for their travels." What need in Maslow's hierarchy is being satisfied in this statement?

A. Physiological Need

B. Safety Need

C. Esteem Need

D. Love and Belongingness

ANSWER: A. Physiological Need

"Bonuses are regularly awarded...awards ceremonies are held regularly." What need in Maslow's hierarchy is being satisfied in this statement?

A. Physiological Need

B. Safety Need

C. Esteem Need

D. Love and Belongingness

ANSWER: C. Esteem Need

For the employees who feel unsatisfied, which of the following needs, according to McClelland, are they likely to have?

A. A. High need for affiliation

low need for power

B. High need for power; low need for achievement

C. High need for achievement; high need for power

D. Low need for affiliation; high need for achievement

E. Low need for power; low need for affiliation

;ANSWER: C. High need for achievement; high need for power

If the Two-Factor theory were applied, which of the following would describe the motivation of Greenview Management Employees?

A. High motivators

Low hygiene factors

B. Low motivators; High hygiene factors

C. High motivators; High hygiene factors

D. Low motivators; Low hygiene factors

;ANSWER: B. Low motivators; High hygiene factors

Mandy's goal in life is to be an influential girl boss. She hates working for someone else and following orders. Instead, she wants to make decisions and have employees under her. What need is Mandy most likely high in?

A. Affiliation

B. Ambition

C. Achievement

D. Power

ANSWER: D. Power

According to the Equity theory, people experiencing underpayment inequity will be least likely to?

A. Look for other people to compare themselves to.

B. Increase the effort and input that they put into their work.

C. Leave their company altogether

D. Confront their superiors and ask for a pay raise

ANSWER: B. Increase the effort and input that they put into their work.

"If I go to the moon, I will get promoted," Howard thinks. What component of Vroom's theory is manifested?

A. Expectancy

B. Instrumentality

C. Valence

D. Value

ANSWER: B. Instrumentality

Ingrid is highly motivated to finish the project her boss had given her due to the highly prestigious award she could gain. According to the Expectancy Theory of motivation, her awareness of the presence of consequences is referred to as?

A. Expectancy

B. Instrumentality

C. Valence

D. Reinforcement

ANSWER: B. Instrumentality

Which of the following is FALSE?

A. People high in conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness and low in neuroticism are likelier to emerge as leaders.

B. More intelligent people are more likely to emerge as leaders than less intelligent people.

C. High self-monitors emerge as leaders more often than low self-monitors.

D. None of the above

ANSWER: D. None of the above

Andrew knows that being a project manager will increase his standing in the company. Thus he volunteers for the position. What type of leadership motivation is he showing?

A. Non-calculative motivation

B. Calculative motivation

C. Affective Identity motivation

D. Social-normative motivation

ANSWER: B. Calculative motivation

In the movie 'A Star is Born', Allie is a capable singer and songwriter who is initially unwilling to perform with her fellow singer, Jack. Considering the Situational Leadership theory, how did Jack convince her to sing?

A. Through coaching

B. Through delegating

C. Through directing

D. Through supporting

ANSWER: D. Through supporting

If team members are eager to work but do not know how to do the tasks, how would you lead them based on the situation?

A. Through coaching

B. Through delegating

C. Through directing

D. Through supporting

ANSWER: A. Through coaching

During the COVID pandemic, governments and countries were scrambling to respond to their populations' various threats and needs. Two countries, A and B, have different plans. Country A wants to focus on understanding the virus and creating a vaccine. Meanwhile, Country B is focused on creating a strategy to mobilize its resources to address the adverse effects of lockdowns. Which of the following types of leaders would Country A and Country B need, respectively?

A. Magnetic Style

Coercive Style

B. Informational Style; Tactical Style

C. Tactical Style; Magnetic Style

D. Coercive Style; Informational Style

;ANSWER: B. Informational Style; Tactical Style

Halfway through the basketball game, the Biik team loses to the Itik team by 10 points. Anderdaughter, the captain of Biik, tries his best to be optimistic and enthusiastic to cheer up his teammates. In this situation, what style of leadership is Anderdaughter using?

A. Magnetic Style

B. Coercive Style

C. Tactical Style

D. Informational Style

ANSWER: A. Magnetic Style