Neurological Disorders of Voice

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4 Terms

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(Neurological Disorders) Peripheral Nervous System Pathology:

  • Paresis or paralysis of the superior or recurrent laryngeal nerve

    • Most common is recurrent laryngeal nerve

    • Less common is superior laryngeal nerve involvement

  • Closer injury to brainstem may affect both superior & recurrent laryngeal nerve; more distal injury typically results in injury to 1 nerve

  • Causes: surgical trauma, cardiovascular dieases, neurologic diseases, accidental trauma

  • Idiopathic: 30-35% of cases

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Neurological Disorders Affecting Voice:

  • Directly caused by an interruption of the innervation to the larynx

  • Central & Peripheral Insults

  • Voice & laryngeal manifestations

    • Unilateral VF paralysis

  • Progressive neurologic disease

    • Deterioration of many central & peripheral motor control systems

    • Respiration, resonance, swallowing

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Peripheral Nervous System Pathology:

  • Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) Paralysis: Unilateral

    • Laryngeal Findings

    • Phonatory Effects

  • Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN) Paralysis: Bilateral

    • Laryngeal Findings

    • Phonatory Effects

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Peripheral Nervous System Pathology:

  • Superior Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis (External Branch): Unilateral

    • Unilateral ESLN paralysis = Unilateral Cricothyroid muscle dysfunction