[TOXI] CLASSIFICATION OF POISONS - NATURAL

Puffer fish

Zootoxin - tetrodotoxin

Inedible organs of fishes

Zootoxins - Ciguatoxin

Tuna

Zootoxins - Sourine

Sardines

Zootoxin - Venerupin

Mackerel

Zootoxin - Gemblid

Frogs

Zootoxin - Bufotoxin

Oysters

Zootoxin - Clupeotoxin

Blister fly (Cantharis vesicatoria)

Zootoxin - Cantharidin

Scorpion

Zootoxin - 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)

Red ants

Zootoxin - formic acid

Snake venom

Zootoxin - Hyaluronidase

Black widow/hourglass spider (Latrodectus mactans)

Zootoxin - Latrotoxin

Betel nut

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - arecoline

Calabar bean

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - Physostigmine

Santonica

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - Santonin

Belladonna

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - atropine

Bitter bark

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - quinine

Tobacco

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - nicotine

Nux vomica

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - brucine and strychnine

Rotten potato

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - Solanine

Amanita (mushroom)

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - muscarine

Aconite

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - coniine

Death angel

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - phalloidin

Autumn crocus

Phytotoxin (alkaloid) - colchicine

Foxglove

Phytotoxin (glycoside) - digitoxin

Saponin-containing plants

Phytotoxin (glycoside) - Sapotoxin

Cassava

Phytotoxin (glycoside) - Mannihotoxin

Fish berries

Phytotoxin (glycoside) - picrotoxin

Mayapple/mandrake

Phytotoxin (resin and volatile oils) - Podophyllotoxin

Marijuana

Phytotoxin (resins and volatile oils) - Cannabinol

Nutmeg

Phytotoxin (resins and volatile oils) - Myristicin (phenolic ether VO)

Jequirity seeds

Phytotoxin (lectins) - abrin

Castor

Phytotoxin (lectins) - ricin

Black locust

Phytotoxin (lectins) - robin

Dinoflagellates

Food-borne - Saxitoxin

Aspergillus flavus

Food-borne - Aflatoxin

Pathogenic bacteria

Food-borne - Ptomaine & thyrotoxin

Claviceps purpurea

Food-borne - Ergot

Either g (+) or g (-) organism

Microbe - Exotoxins

Clostridium botulinum

Microbe - Botulinum toxin

Clostridium tetani

Microbe - Tetanospasmin

Clostridium perfringens

Microbe - Cytotoxin

S. aureus

Microbe - Enterotoxin & Staphylococcus TSST-1

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Microbe - Diphtheria cytotoxin

Vibrio cholerae

Microbe - Cholera enterotoxin

E. coli

Microbe - E. coli enterotoxin

G (-) organisms only except Listeria

Microbe - Endotoxins

Salmonella typhi

Microbe - typhoid

Proteus sp.

Microbe - Proteus