History vocab

Stereotype

A generalized belief about a group of people

Diversity

Having a range of people with various racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, & cultural backgrounds

Discovery

Something/someone found unexpectedly in a search

Invasion

An unwelcome intrusion into another’s domain

Indigenous

People who are directly descended from the earliest known inhabitants of a region

Colonialism

The policy over another country, occupying it with settlers & exploiting it economically

Descendants

Someone who is related to a specified person or people who lived far in the past

Resources

Land area, materials, produce, & other requirements needed to create a usable product

Vikings

The modern name given to seafaring people from Scandinavia who raided, pirated, traded & settled in Europe

Longship

A long narrow warship powered by both oar & sail, used by the vikings & other northern European peoples

Separatist

A group of puritanical English citizens who wanted to break away from the Anglican Church & practice religion their own way

Mercantilism

An economic policy that designed to maximize the exports & minimize imports

Reciprocate

Respond to something by saying or doing something corresponding

Self-sufficient

Needing no outside help in satisfying ones basic needs

Diplomacy

The profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations

Enlighten

To give someone greater knowledge or understanding about a topic

Autonomy

The right or condition of self-government or self determination

Democracy

Control of an organization or group by majority of its members

Government

The ruling body of a nation, state, or community

Magna Carta

The first document to put into writing the principle that the King & his government weren’t above the law

Alliance

A union or association formed for mutual benefit

Rival

A person or organization who opposes another, who is in competition with that other, usually over resources & power

Primary source

An Artifact, document, diary, manuscript, autobiography, recording, or source of information from the time

Secondary source

A document or recording that relates or discusses information originally presented elsewhere

Revolution

A fundamental & sudden shift in government, culture, or some other thing that changes society

Sons of Liberty

A loosely organized clandestine political organization active in the 13 colonies

Loyalist

American colonists who remained loyal to the British crown

Patriot

American colonists who rebelled against the authority of the British crown

Mercenary

A soldier that fights in a conflict in exchange for a sum of money or goods

Enlist

Enroll or be enrolled in the armed services

Liberate

Set (someone) free from a situation especially imprisonment or slavery, in which their liberty is severely restricted

Reinforcements

Additional assistance in the form of more people

Federalism

A system that favors a stronger federal government that has power over local governments

Bicameral

Having 2 divisions or segments

Checks & Balances

Branches of government can veto each other if necessary

Separation of Powers

The division of different powers between the different branches of government

Preamble

A preliminary or preparatory statement; an introduction

Impeach

To charge the holder of a public office with misconduct

Executive branch

Can veto bills, nominate supreme court justices, make executive orders & call emergency sessions of congress

Legislative branch

Can approve or reject justices, or other appointments nominated by the executive branch, can impeach Justices or presidents who violate the law, & can override a presidential veto

Judicial branch

Can declare laws passed by the legislative branch to be unconstitutional, can declare treaties & exclusive acts unconstitutional, appointments are for life & free from from executive influence

Judicial Review

Judicial review is a process under which executive or legislative actions are subject to review by the judicial branch

Appeal

Apply or a higher court for a reversal of the decision of a lower court