Exploring Microbial Diversity

The member of the domain Bacteria whose genome shows it to be most closely related to the Archaea is _________.

• Thermotoga

• Rickettsia

• Deinococcus

• Synechococcus

Thermotoga

The spirochetes include the causative agents for _________.

• Gonorrhea

• Lyme disease

• Bubonic plague

• whooping cough

Lyme disease

The phylum _________ is thought to represent the oldest branch of the bacteria.

• Thermotogota

• Aquifex

• Cyanobacteria

• Spirochetes

Aquifex

Some species of cyanobacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen.

• True

• False

True

The infectious stage of chlamydiae is called a(n) _________ body.

• elementary

• reticulate

• contagious

• oogonial

elementary

Bacteroides inhabit the intestinal tract of mammals and benefit the host by degrading which of the following?

• Cellulose

• Pectin

• Complex carbohydrates

• All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct

Members of the genus Rhizobium _________.

• infect broad-leaved plants and cause crown gall disease

• are free living soil bacteria that fix nitrogen

• grow symbiotically in root nodules of legumes where they fix nitrogen

• are important nitrifying bacteria that convert nitrite to nitrate

grow symbiotically in root nodules of legumes where they fix nitrogen

Members of the genus Pseudomonas _________.

• are aerobes that mineralize a wide variety of organic compounds

• are obligate intracellular parasites

• form cysts when starved for nutrients

• perform anaerobic photosynthesis

are aerobes that mineralize a wide variety of organic compounds

Streptomycetes produce many of the antibiotics we use in medicine.

• True

• False

True

Clostridium causes which of the following?

• Botulism

• Pneumonia

• Fire blight disease of pears

• Tuberculosis

Botulism

Members of the genus Mycobacterium cause which of the following diseases in humans?

• Tuberculosis and Leprosy

• Abscesses

• Diphtheria

• Meningitis

Tuberculosis and Leprosy

Species of the genus Lactobacillus _________.

• are important normal vaginal flora

• are motile spore-forming cocci

• are normal flora found on the skin of humans

• All of the choices are correct.

are important normal vaginal flora

Overgrowth of the skin bacterium Proprionibacterium acnes may lead to _________.

• body odor

• bloodstream infection

• warts

• rash

body odor

Members of the genus Staphylococcus are normally associated with _________.

• skin

• skin glands

• mucous membranes

• All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

Members of the genus Bacillus are spore-forming, aerobic, and catalase-positive.

• True

• False

True

All types of methanogenesis are poisoned by ________ and therefore require extreme ________.

• carbon dioxide; aerobiosis

• oxygen; anaerobiosis

• heat; cold

• pressure; vacuum

• high salinity; freshwater

oxygen; anaerobiosis

Which of the following is unique to archaea?

• pseudopeptidoglycan

• S-layers

• supercoiled DNA

• infection by double-stranded DNA viruses

• methanotrophs

pseudopeptidoglycan

Commercial evaporation pools for salt production benefit from the presence of red ________, whose light absorption accelerates heating and evaporation.

• methanogens

• Sulfolobus

• acidophiles

• haloarchaea

• thermophiles

haloarchaea

Which of the following groups of bacteria is most related to eukaryotic mitochondria?

• Rickettsia

• Synechococcus

• Mycobacterium

• Chlamydia

Rickettsia

Which of the following is the common feature of Bacillus and Clostridium?

• Both require oxygen to grow

• Both are lithotrophs

• Both have double membrane structure

• Both form endospores

Both form endospores