MC Forensics chapter 7: DNA profiling

Because DNA is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate molecules, DNA is known as a double helix. True or false

true

Most females have one X and one Y (XY) sex chromosome. True or false

false

To calculate the percentage of people who have a particular allele, population studies are conducted to collect data. True or false

true

Humans share common ancestors. Therefore the DNA STR profile of all humans is the same. True or false

false

mtDNA is used to trace ancestry through the female line. true or false

true

Except for identical twins, no two people on earth have the same:

DNA

People are always shedding cells. Therefore DNA can be recovered from:

a) semen b) saliva & c) skin cells answer:f a,b & c

The term that describes a picture of homologous pairs of human chromosomes is

karyotype

The 95 percent of noncoding DNA is involved in:

cell regulation

If one person has two alleles that are the same for a specific STR, then that person is considered to have:

homozygous genotypes.

James Watson and Francis Crick received the 1953 Nobel Prize for their work on describing the structure of DNA as:

a double helix that resembles a twisted ladder.

Which chromosomes have the same shape and contain the same genes?

autosomes

DNA in chromosomes is called

nuclear DNA

Alternate forms of a gene are called:

allels

(GAAT) (GAAT) (GAAT) (GAAT) is an example of:

STR

The total amount of DNA in a cell, which is contained in the cell's nucleus (nuclear DNA) and mitochondria (mtDNA), is called the human:

genome

Approximately how many base pairs are in the human body?

6 billion bases

In 1984, Dr. Alec Jeffreys at the University of Leicaster observed that DNA from different individuals contains different polymorphisms.  His laboratory developed a technique for isolating and analyzing these variable areas that is known as:

DNA fingerprinting, or DNA profiling

Which method is used to identify different STR markers?

adding fluorescent dyes to the PCR reaction

Ninety-five percent of DNA is non-coding. What term describes non-coding DNA that acts as genetic "on-an-off" switches?

introns

restriction enzymes

are the material is used to cut and isolate DNA

Separating molecules, such as DNA, based on their size is called

Electrophoresis

The DNA of every organism on earth is made of the same four

Nitrogenous bases

Amplifying trace samples of DNA is called

polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Short tandem repeats (STR)

are variable regions of DNA that repeat.