Animal Science AGSC 121B Jodi Morton Exam 1 Module 1-3

Common animal byproducts

gelatin, horns, collagen, bones, fats, feathers, manure

Roughly what percent of an animal becomes an animal by-product?

40-50%

Describe why it is important to use animal by-products.

environmental impacts such as more methane gas being produced from landfills. Humans use many of these by-products and animals are benefited by them.

Name 1 by-product that comes from manure:

minerals

Name 2 by-products that come from the fats & fatty acids of sheep.

explosives and chewing gum.

Name 1 by-product that comes from the hair of goats:

cashmere.

Name 2 by-products that come from the feathers of chickens.

stuffing and insulation

Name 2 by-products that come from the organs of pigs.

insulin and heart valves.

Name 2 by-products that come from the blood of cattle.

pasta and cake mixes

Name 3 animal science specialties

animal nutrition, breeding and genetics, and reproductive physiology

Animal products are incorporated into a person’s diet for what reason(s)

nutritional value, using the entire animal during food production, and for cultural traditions.

Name the 2 reasons there is an increased demand for livestock production

population growth and rising income and economic development.

What is the flight/pressure zone?

The area where the animal starts to move away from you or respond to you.

Name some distractions that can make cattle not want to move through the chutes.

Coats on fences, cars parked by the fence, bottle on the ground

Why is low-stress handling important for cattle production?

dont come into heat as well, dont breed as well, hide away

Where should cattle be worked to get them used to pressure?

open fields, pastures

Name a top 10 beef breed:

black angus

Name an advantage of using Artificial Insemination (AI) for your cow herd:

you gain access to more genetics from bulls all around the world

Name 2 of the 6 essential nutrients

protein and water

Name the top 2 US Quality Grades for meat

prime and choice

Name a piece of equipment a person would use to castrate bull calves:

sharp knife, elastrator

Name a piece of equipment a person would use to dehorn young calves:

electric dehorner

What are the two major types of digestive systems for livestock

Monogastric and Ruminant

What is gestation?

the process or period of developing inside the womb between conception and birth.

Name a Bos Torus Beef breed:

angus

What are the 3 parts of the male reproductive tract?

testicles, accessory or secondary glands, external copulatory organ

What type of reproductive biotechnology would increase ovulation rates?

estrus synchronization, superovulation

Where does fertilization occur in the female reproductive tract?

oviduct

What are the building blocks of proteins?

amino acids

Name your favorite dairy product

Milk

How many times per day are cows milked?

typically 2 to 3 times per day

What is the most common infection in dairy cows?

Mastitis, inflammation of the udder

Name a reason why there is an increase in cheese consumption in the United States:

wider availability of different kinds of cheese

What is the specific term used to describe the food provided to dairy cows?

TMR or total mixed ration

Why are there so few dairy bulls on dairy farms?

Because artificial insemination is used (AI)

What determines the price of an individual tank of milk sold?

Butterfat determines the price of milk

Name two bovine dairy breeds

Holstein and Jersey

What is fed to a newborn calf within the first 12 hours of life?

colostrum

What is the rest period called for when cows are not milk?

dry period

What happens if a bulk tank contains antibiotics?

the milk must be discarded

What is the average time after a cow is milked to when the milk is in the store?

two days

Which two breeds have the highest butterfat?

Jersey and Guernsey

In a carousel milker, how many minutes is a cow milked?

5 to 7 minutes