Brainstem

brainstem

• nuerons that are ascneing sensory and descending motor

• thee neurons comminucate with PNS

Midbrain

• cerebral peduncles

• descneind voluntary motor info

• axons from primary motor cortex

• pyramidal tracts

• surround cerebral aquaduct

• copora quadrigemina
  - superior collicuus: vision
  - inferior colliculus:
  auditory

• cerbral peduncles carry information up to tracts

Pons

• forms parts of th anterior wall of the fourth ventricle

• origin of cranial nerves V (trigeminal), VI (abducens), VII (facial)

• some nuclei of the reticular formation

• nuclei that help maintain normal ryhtm of breathing

Medulla oblongata

• pyramids: two ventral longitudinal ridges formed by pyramidal tracts

• decussation of the pyramids: crossover of the corticospinal tracts

• autonomic reflec centers:
  - cardiovascualr centerr:
  - heart rate and force
  - blood vessel diameter

• -respiratoy centers
  - generate respiratiry rythm
  - control rate and depth of breathing with pontine centers