Studied by 1 person
Chromosomes are made up of __________ combined with proteins.
DNA molecules
A __________ is a section of DNA which codes for a protein.
gene
There are __________ chromosomes in the nucleus of human body cells.
46
There are __________ chromosomes in the nucleus of gametes.
23
Chromosomes in a body cell nucleus are arranged in __________.
pairs
The three main stages of the cell cycle are: 1. __________ , 2. Mitosis, 3. Division of cell.
Replication of DNA and synthesis of organelles
Mitosis is important because it produces __________ cells with the same genetic information.
identical
The first stage of the cell cycle is the __________ stage.
longest
During the first stage of the cell cycle, cells grow and __________ in mass.
increase
In the second stage of the cell cycle, each chromosome in a pair is pulled to __________ of the cell.
opposite poles
The third stage of the cell cycle is when the __________ and cell membrane divide.
cytoplasm
A stem cell is an __________ cell capable of differentiating into other cell types.
unspecialised
The function of stem cells in embryos is to __________ themselves and differentiate into many other types of cells.
replicate
Adult stem cells can differentiate into several cell types to replace __________ tissues.
dead or damaged
Meristem stem cells in plants can differentiate into __________ type of plant cell throughout their lifespan.
any
Therapeutic cloning is a method where an embryo is produced with the same __________ as the patient.
genetic makeup
Advantages of cloning plants using meristem stem cells include preventing rare plants from becoming __________.
extinct
Many embryonic stem cells are sourced from __________ embryos, which some people object to.
aborted
Development of stem cell therapies is often __________, expensive and difficult.
slow
Adult stem cells infected with viruses could transfer __________ to patients.
infections
If donor stem cells do not have a similar genetic makeup to the patient, an __________ could be triggered.
immune response
The cell cycle includes stages such as DNA replication and __________.
synthesis of organelles
The purpose of mitosis is to produce __________ from a single mother cell.
daughter cells
In an adult, stem cells in bone marrow form many different types of __________ cells.
blood
Stem cells in embryos may potentially treat __________ and diabetes by replacing damaged cells.
paralysis
Chromosomes in human cells are organized into __________ pairs, making a total of 46.
23
Gene function relates to coding for __________ in cellular processes.
proteins
During mitosis, chromosomes are pulled apart towards __________ poles.
opposite
After mitosis, the final stage results in the division of the __________ and cell membrane.
cytoplasm
Stem cells retain the ability to __________ into any cell needed by the plant throughout their lifespan.
differentiate
Embryonic stem cells' ability to __________ is key to their therapeutic potential.
self-renew
Cloning plants can produce large numbers of plants with __________ characteristics.
favourable
Ethical concerns regarding stem cells often arise from their source, especially in relation to __________ embryos.
aborted
Stem cells play a critical role in __________, repair and growth.
development
In terms of medical applications, stem cells derived from __________ are less likely to be rejected by the immune system.
therapeutic cloning
