Rutgers HPPP MHS Unit 2 A&P Integumentary System

Epidermis

top layer of skin

Dermis

middle layer of skin

Keratinocytes

an epidermal cell that produces keratin.

Melanocytes

cells that produce melanin

Dendritic (Langerhans) cells

Star-shaped macrophages that patrol deep epidermis

Are key activators of immune system

tactile epithelial cells

Location—basal layer; attached to sensory nerve endings

Stratum Basale

deepest epidermal layer made of a single row of cells that undergo rapid cell division

stratum granulosum (granular layer)

Layer of epidermis composed of cells that look like granules and are filled with keratin; replaces cells shed from stratum corneum

Stratum Lucidum

a layer of the epidermis found only in the thick skin of the fingers, palms, and soles

stratum corneum

the most superficial layer of the epidermis consisting of dead cells

Papillary Dermis

layer of dermis directly under the epidermis; rich in blood vessels and cappilaries

Reticular Dermis

thicker area of the dermis that forms the bulk of the dermal layer

Stratum Spinosum

a layer of the epidermis that provides strength and flexibility to the skin

Melanin

A pigment that gives the skin its color

Carotene

the yellow pigment of the skin

Hemoglobin

An iron-containing protein in red blood cells that reversibly binds oxygen.

hair follicle

sac within which each hair grows

Nails

horny plates made from flattened epithelial cells; found on the dorsal surface of the ends of the fingers and toes

Sweat Glands

The glands that secrete sweat, located in the dermal layer of the skin.

Eccrine Glands (Merocrine)

glands that produce sweat; found over most of the body

apocrine glands (puberty)

Sweat glands in the pubic and underarm areas that secrete thicker sweat, that produce odor when come in contact with bacteria on the skin

Sebaceous Glands (Holocrine)

secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis

Cutaneous sensor receptors

Receptors located throughout the skin that respond to stimuli arising outside the body; part of the nervous system.

basal cell carcinoma

Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules.

squamous cell carcinoma

malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

Melanoma

skin cancer

Dermatitis

inflammatory condition of the skin

Inflammation

a localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues. Inflammation can occur in the soft tissue of the skin.

Cuts

The result of cutting, especially an opening or wound made by sharp edge. Superficial.

first degree burn

Superficial burns through only the epidermis.

Second degree burn

A burn marked by pain, blistering, and superficial destruction of dermis with edema and hyperemia of the tissues beneath the burn. the epidermis (the outer layer of skin) and part of the dermis (the layer underneath)

third degree burn

involves destruction of epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layer