Quiz 5 Dialect

General American English, Southern White Standard, Caribbean English, and African American English are all examples of a(n):

Dialects

A communication system that is developed in situations wherein individuals who do not speak the language of their environment need a means of communication is called:

Pidgin

In many Asian languages, meaning is conveyed by a combination of phonemes and:

Tones

Dialectal density refers to:

The extent to which particular individuals use the available features of their dialect and may depend on factor such as socioecomonic status and geography

Gradient stratification refers to:

Individuals in lower socio-economic groups that use more of the available features of that dialect than individuals in higher socioeconomic groups

Sharp stratification refers to:

Linguistic features that more clearly differentiate socioeconomic groups, based on significant difference in frequency of usage

An example of a major phonological feature distinguishing African American English (AAE) and General American English (GAE):

• /r/ deletion: “car” produced “ca”

• Stopping of word-initial interdentals: “that” produced as “dat” 

Major findings from existing studies examining phonological development in typically developing AAE speaking children and AAE speaking children with speech sound disorders indicate that:

AAE-speaking children show great intersubject variability

A language change that becomes the mother tongue of a communities next generation of children. It tends to be more complex in syntax, phonology, lexicon, semantics, and pragmatics and show rules that were not exhibited in the ancestral language.

Creole

The two main American Spanish dialects are categorized by the behavior of syllable and word final consonants. Dialects in which syllable and word final consonants are preserved are known as  ________________ and those in which final consonants tend to deleted are known as _________________:

Conservative dialects; Radical dialects