NSC 4366 Exam 1

A 57 yo old man comes in complaining of severe right leg pain. He has normal muscle tone and shows negative Babinski reflex. What condition could he be exhibiting?

A. Left Corticospinal Tract Damage

B. Lesions of right Clarke's Column

C. Bacterial Meningitis

D. Right Pyramidal Tract Damage

C

2. A patient comes into your examination room and states, "My stomach has been hurting over the past few days." What is this an example of?

A. Symptom

B. Sign

A

3. A man was doing yard work and accidentally fell off his ladder and injured his axon tract. What type of signs would this man exhibit?

A. Positive

B. Negative

B

4. Which one of these tracts exhibits bilateral innervation?

A. Lateral Corticospinal Tract

B. Medial Corticospinal tract

C. Tectospinal Tract

D. Lissauer's Tract

B

5. Where does the tectospinal tract originate?

A. Tectum

B. Superior Angular Gyrus

C. Cortex

D. Red Nucleus of Midbrain

A

6. In which of these images would CSF appear as bright white?

A. CT

B. T1 MRI

C. T2 MRI

D. PET

C

7. A surgeon removes the skull cap and notes that the arachnoid granulations are scarred and non-functioning. Which condition might the patient have been exhibiting?

A. Communicating Hydrocephalus

B. Epidural Hematoma

C. Noncommunicating Hydrocephalus

D. Multiple Sclerosis

A

8. Which of these conditions would be caused by a tear in the middle meningeal artery?

A. Subdural Hematoma

B. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

C. Hydrocephalus

D. Epidural Hematoma

D

9. A patient develops a tumor in the medial dorsal column. Which body part is most likely to be affected?

A. Arms

B. Face

C. Legs

D. Hearing

C

10. Which of these would be a symptom of right cerebellar damage?

A. Inability to Voluntarily Move Left Arm

B. Inability to Voluntarily Move Right Arm

C. Inability to Coordinate Right Arm

D. Inability to Coordinate Left Arm

C

11. A patient shows damage to his ventral horn of the spinal cord. What would he show?

A. Inability to Move

B. Inability to Sense

C. Hyperreflexia

D. Inability to Show Emotion

A

12. Which fossa contains the foramen magnum?

A. Anterior Cranial Fossa

B. Medial Cranial Fossa

C. Posterior Cranial Fossa

D. Big Cranial Fossa

C

13. Which sheet of matter separates the cerebellum from the rest of the brain?

A. Falx Cerebri

B. Foramen Magnum

C. Tentorium Cerebelli

D. Tentorium Cerebri

C

14. The ______ connects the lateral ventricle to the 3rd ventricle.

A. Lateral aperture

B. Median aperture

C. Foramen monro

D. Foramen magnum

C

15. Which vessel is located midline in the spinal cord?

A. Anterior spinal artery

B. Posterior spinal artery

C. Lateral spinal artery

D. Central spinal artery

A

16. Occlusion of the posterior spinal artery will not affect:

A. the dorsal column

B. the ventral corticospinal tract

C. the dorsal horn

D. the substantial gelatinosa

B

17. The ______ is responsible for pain/temperature sensation while _____ is responsible for vibration perception.

A. Lateral spinothalamic, dorsal columns

B. Ventral spinothalamic, dorsal columns

C. Lateral spinothalamic, Clarke's column

D. Ventral spinothalamic, Clarke's column

A

18. The motor tract adjacent to the lateral corticospinal tract is the:

A. rubrospinal tract

B. tectospinal tract

C. reticulospinal tract

D. vestibulospinal tract

A

19. Between the motor cortex and the cruz cerebri, the corticospinal tract forms the

A. pyramids

B. ventral root

C. internal capsule

D. spinal cord

C

20. The spinothalamic and dorsal column pathways synapse at the _____ nucleus of the thalamus

A. VPL/VPM

B. anterior

C. posterior

D. geniculate

A

21. Which tract results in ipsilateral innervation after decussating twice?

A. Dorsal spinocerebellar

B. Ventral spinocerebellar

C. Lateral spinothalamic

D. Ventral spinothalamic

B

22. UMN weakness of one side is due to a(n) _______ lesion and pain and temperature sensation loss of one side is due to a(n) ______ lesion.

A. ipsilateral, ipsilateral

B. ipsilateral, contralateral

C. contralateral, ipsilateral

D. contralateral, contralateral

B

23. The spinothalamic tract is responsible for information regarding

A. Movement of the shoulders and neck

B. Movement of the trunk

C. Mechanosensation

D. Pain and temperature

D

24. What is responsible for providing unconscious proprioceptive information?

A. The spinocerebellar tract

B. The spinothalamic tract

C. Cerebrospinal tract

D. Corticobulbar tract

A

25. How many neurons are necessary to transmit temperature information?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

C

26. Neurons carrying pain and temperature information decussate ______, while neurons carrying mechanosensory information decussate ________.

A. In the pyramid of the medulla / immediately

B. This path does not decussate / in the pyramid of the medulla

C. Immediately / in the pyramid of the medulla

D. In the pyramid of the medulla / this path does not decussate

C

27. The second order neurons in the spinothalamic pathway synapse in the

A. Medulla

B. Medial lemniscus

C. Immediately

D. Thalamus

D

28. The parietal lobe is located ______ to the occipital lobe

A. caudal

B. Rostral

C. Lateral

D. Inferior

B

29. A single cross section shows the frontal lobe, cerebellum, and brainstem. What kind of cross section is it?

A. Horizontal

B. Sagittal

C. Coronal

B

30. Which region does NOT develop from the diencephalon?

A. Thalamus

B. Hypothalamus

C. Cerebellum

D. Mammillary bodies

C

31. In what order does somatic motor information travel?

A. Primary motor cortex -> ventral horn -> pyramidal decussation

B. Ventral horn -> pyramidal decussation -> primary motor cortex

C. Primary motor cortex -> pyramidal decussation -> ventral horn

D. Primary motor cortex -> thalamus -> ventral horn

C

32. A patient is presented to the emergency room unconscious with dilated pupils with his arms curled upward and his legs flexed outward. 15 minutes later, the patient's arms are now flexed downward next to his sides and he is still unconscious. The patient progressed from:

A. Decerebrate to decorticate

B. Decerebellate to decerebrate

C. Decorticate to decerebellate

D. Decorticate to decerebrate

D

33. The _____ becomes the dorsal horn while the _____ becomes the ventral horn

A. Basal Plate, Alar plate

B. Alar plate, diencephalon

C. Alar plate, Basal plate

D. Diencephalon, basal plate

C

34. The spinal cord's ---- is lined with ependymal cells and filled with CSF, it opens upward into the inferior fourth ventricle.

A. Anterior median fissure

B. Central Canal

C. Posterior median sulcus

D. None of the above

B

35. The --- is a thin connective tissue membrane that covers the brain surface and extends into sulci and fissures and around blood vessels throughout the brain

A. Dura

B. Pia

C. Pachymenix

D. Arachnoid

B

36. Reabsorption of CSF takes place in the

A. Arachnoid Villi

B. Pineal gland

C. Falx cerebri

D. Falx cerebelli

A

37. Tearing of the middle meningeal artery will cause a

A. Parenchymal hemorrhage

B. Epidural Hematoma

C. Subdural hematoma

D. Subarachnoid hemorrhage

B

38. Which image technique is best to view early edema, hemorrhage, and brain tumors?

A. PET

B. MRI

C. CT

D. Angiography

B

39. The tentorium cerebelli separates the ---- from----

A. Left hemisphere, right hemisphere

B. Third Ventricle, fourth Ventricle

C. Pia mater, dura mater

D. Cerebellum, occipital lobe

D

40. From outside in, the meninges are in which order?

A. Dura, arachnoid, pia

B. Dura, arachnoid, bone

C. Pia, dura, arachnoid

D. Arachnoid, pia, dura

A

41. The middle cranial fossa contains what lobe?

A. Parietal

B. Occipital

C. Temporal

D. Frontal

C

42. Which means "toward the side, away from the middle"?

A. Ventral

B. Lateral

C. Medial

D. Proximal

B

43. The three small foramina in the 4th ventricle is where

A. CSF Exits

B. CSF is produced

C. Afferent fibers from the trigeminal nerve enter the brainstem

D. The arachnoid granulations are located

A

44. What subdivisions develop from the Hindbrain?

A. Mesencephalon and Telencephalon

B. Prosencephalon and Diencephalon

C. Metencephalon and Telencephalon

D. Metencephalon and Myelencephalon

D

45. What gives rise to the entire CNS?

A. Walls of neural tube

B. Neural crest

C. Somites

D. ectoderm

A

46. Somites will develop into all of the following except:

A. Muscle

B. Skin

C. Nerves

D. Bones

C

47. Failure of the anterior neuropore to close can result in:

A. Anencephaly

B. Encephalocele

C. Meningocele

D. A and B

D

48. What is the correct order of Development in the Nervous System?

A. Proliferation, Circuit Pruning, Migration

B. Circuit Pruning, Proliferation, Migration

C. Proliferation, Migration, Circuit Pruning

D. Migration, Proliferation, Circuit Pruning

C