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Sound
Sensory perception. A perception of vibration. Form of energy which is emitted by a vibrating body. Causes the sensation of hearing through nerves on reaching the ear
Noise
Unwanted sound. Something you do not want to hear which causes discomfort and irritability. The most common occupational and environmental health hazard
Source to receiver
Noise is transmitted from the _____ to the _____
Transmission Path
The atmosphere through which the sound is propagated. Can also include the structural materials of the building containing the receiver
Occupational Noise
Noise in the industrial workplace (machineries, factories, etc)
Environmental/Community Noise
Noise in all other settings except work at the industrial workplace (community, residential, or domestic level)
Decibel
Unit used to measure the intensity of a sound
Sound level meter
Sound is measured with an instrument called a
70 dB
For most people, lifetime continuous exposure to an environmental average noise level of __ dB will not cause hearing impairment
85 dB
Sounds that are more than __ dB are harmful
Noise Pollution
A lot of noise in the environment
Hearing Impairment
Usually gradual. Irreversible. Increases in severity with continued exposure. Occurs predominantly at higher frequencies. Caused by prolonged exposure to high-intensity noise. The affected person will not notice changes in hearing ability until a large threshold shift has occurred
Conductive, Sensorineural, Mixed
What are the 3 types of hearing loss?
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL)
Second most common form of sensorineural hearing deficit. Caused by prolonged exposure to high-intensity noise. Loud noise damages fine hair cells in the inner ear
Audiometry
For this test, you wear earphones attached to the audiometer. Pure tones of controlled intensity are delivered to one ear at a time. The minimum intensity (volume) required to hear each tone is graphed
Elimination and Substitution
The process of removing hazards from the environment through elimination or substitution with less hazardous ones, respectively
Engineering Control
Designs or modifications to plants, equipments, ventilation system, and processed is done to reduce the source of exposure
Administrative Control
Altering the way the work is done, including timing of work, policies and other rules, and practices based on the standard operating procedures
Personal Protective Equipment
Worn to reduce exposure to noise
Targeting the Source
Control the noise source → control the noise propagation → control the noise at the individual level
Targeting the Transmission Path
If noise cannot be controlled to an unacceptable level of the source, attempts should then be made to control it at some point during its propagation path
Targeting the Receiver
As a last resort or as a complement to the environmental measures, the noise control problem may be approached at the level of the receiver
Presidential Decree No. 856, S. 1975 (Code on Sanitation)
Control measures shall be provided to reduce intensity of noise sufficiently to render it harmless to workers and to eliminate it at its source as nuisance by following the recommendations of local health or other government authority.
Presidential Decree No. 1152, S. 1977 (Philippine Environmental Code)
Seeks to establish community noise standards and standards for noise-producing equipment
Community Noise Standards
Appropriate standards for community noise levels shall be established considering, among others, location, zoning, and land use pollution
Senate Bill No. 447 (Noise Pollution Control and Abatement Act)
Regulate noise pollution by creating the Noise Pollution Control Board (NPCB). Shall formulate and implement the policies and programs on noise pollution control. Also prescribes the standards and criteria in determining any violations on noise pollution and its corresponding penalties