Ch 7 : Carbohydrates

Bowel movement

________ and intestinal health- It attracts water and it promotes bulk to the stool, which can safeguard against constipation.

Disaccharides

________ are comprised of three nutritionally important molecules: sucrose, lactose, and maltose.

Lactose

________ is comprised of one glucose molecule joined with one galactose molecule.

Carbohydrates

________ are often referred to as sugars and starches.

Sucrose

________ is comprised of one glucose molecule joined with one fructose molecule.

Oligosaccharides

________ are largely resistant to digestion because the human digestive tract lacks the necessary enzymes that can chemically break down many of these structures.

endosperm

The ________ is the largest portion of the kernel.

cardiovascular disease

Reducing risk for ________- It can bind to cholesterol particles.

protection

Diabetes ________- This carbohydrate is not absorbed.

bran

The ________ is the outermost layer of the kernel and is designed to protect the kernel from the environment.

starchy carbohydrates

It contains ________, some protein, and small amounts of vitamins and minerals.

B vitamins

It contains ________, antioxidants, and fibre.

Maltose

________ is comprised of two glucose molecules.

Weight loss

________- It can delay gastric emptying (from the stomach) and it promotes an overall feeling of fullness, thereby potentially reducing caloric intake.

source of fuel

Once absorbed, carbohydrates can be used immediately as a(n) ________ or can be stored as glycogen in specific cells.

kernel

The ________ consists of three parts: the bran, germ, and endosperm.

excess carbohydrates

Any ________ not used for immediate energy production can be stored as glycogen within the muscle and liver.

digestive process

Our ________ breaks down our digestible complex carbohydrates to their building blocks: the monosaccharides that are then absorbed into the body.

Monosaccharides

________ represent single- sugar units and the only absorbable form of carbohydrates.

germ

The ________ is the embryo of the kernel and contains B vitamins, minerals, some protein, and healthy fats.

primary role of dietary carbohydrates

The ________ is to provide energy for the body.

sugar units

Oligosaccharides, also exists, containing 3 to 10 ________.

Simple Sugars

monosaccharides and disaccharides

Complex Carbohydrates

polysaccharides and oligosaccardes

Our digestive process breaks down our digestible complex carbohydrates to their building blocks

 the monosaccharides that are then absorbed into the body

Three common monosaccharides in humans

glucose, fructose and galactose

Disaccharides are comprised of three nutritionally important molecules

sucrose, lactose, and maltose

Soluble Fibre

they either dissolve or swell when placed in water and most can be digested by the bacteria living within the large intestine

Weight loss

It can delay gastric emptying (from the stomach) and it promotes an overall feeling of fullness, thereby potentially reducing caloric intake

Reducing risk for cardiovascular disease

It can bind to cholesterol particles

Bowel movement and intestinal health

It attracts water and it promotes bulk to the stool, which can safeguard against constipation

Diabetes protection

This carbohydrate is not absorbed

Improved absorption of foods

It slows the movement of food through the small intestine

Insoluble Fibre

they do not dissolve in water and are not easily digested by intestinal bacteria

The kernel consists of three parts

the bran, germ, and endosperm