Scientific Rev and Enlightment - Ap Euro

One way in which the contributions of Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton are similar is that each

practiced observation and experimentation in his work (used scientific methods)

the 18th century, European leaders who supported reforms, believed in natural rights and religious toleration, and viewed themselves as servants of their state were best known as

Enlightened Despots.

Which idea is central to John Locke’s Two Treatises of Government?

(1) A government's power comes from the consent of the people. (Consent of the govern)

Galileo Galilei and Sir Issac Newton are most closely associated with

conducting investigative experiments

Enlightenment thinkers encouraged the improvement of society through the

(2) use of reason

Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Locke both agreed that a government should be based on the

(4) consent of the governed

8.“I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.”

What is the main idea of this quotation?

Freedom of Speech

European political thinkers who supported the enlightenment believed that

governments should protect the rights of the people

10. Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in

Changing the relationship between people and their government

11. Joseph II of Austria is best known for being

representative enlightened absolutist

12. Enlightened monarchs during the 18th century

Frederick II (the Great), Peter I (the Great), Catherine II (the Great),Joseph II, and

13. He believed in the concept of freedom of speech.

Voltaire

14. He argued that rulers need absolute power to establish order

Thomas Hobbes

He believed that people had natural rights, including life, liberty, and property.

John Lockes (1)

He said, “Man is born free, yet everywhere he is in chains.”

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

He thought that if people were left alone, they would constantly fight.

Thomas Hobbes

He argued that rebellion was justified if the ruler no longer had the consent of the governed.

John Lockes

He believed that governments should have separate branches with a system of checks and balances.

Baron de Montesquieu

Copernicus’ major contribution to the Scientific Revolution was his proposal of

the heliocentric theory

Which of the following contributed most to the success of the Scientific Revolution?

The relative independence of European universities.

The philosophes generally agreed on all of the following EXCEPT the

Environmentalism

Which of the following is NOT associated with Adam Smith’s ideas?

government intervention can help a depressed economy.

24. Deism was characterized by a belief in

the existence of God who doesn’t intervene in the universe after it being created.

25. John Locke’s Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690) put forward the idea that

that our ideas are generated from our experiences

26. Francis Bacon, Galileo, and Isaac Newton promoted the idea that knowledge should be based on

experimentation and observation

Geocentrism was

the idea the earth was in the center of the earth

Which thinker championed deductive reasoning as the way to comprehend the world?

Rene Descartes

An advantage of the Copernican theory was that it

explained planetary movement

30.The major scientific question that Newton solved was

How the planets move in an orderly fashion

The mathematician Galileo,

used a telescope to see the planets

32.Newton’s great work was called

Gravitas

33. Which pair of ideas were central to the Scientific Revolution?

Experimentation and observation

Many Enlightenment philosophers used reason to

reveal natural laws

35. Which statement about the Scientific Revolution in Europe is accurate?

the scientific revolution transformed the way Europeans understood the natural world.

According to John Locke, the purpose of government is to

secure and protect the God-given inalienable natural rights of the people

37. Adam Smith would most likely agree with which statement?

the Government should follow a laissez-faire policy.

39. One way in which Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau are similar is that they were

Enlightenment thinkers and philosophers who were active during the age of enlightment in France.

Which idea is most closely associated with laissez-faire economics?

market forces alone should drive the economy and that governments should refrain from direct intervention/ free trade

5

Laissez faire economics

Age of Enlightenment is also known as the age of

Age of reason

Which two subjects had the biggest impact on the scientific

Math and astronomy

What did Adam smith create?

Laissez faire economic

John Locke believes people were born with ideas

False, he believes things come from experience

Who made the scientific mwth

Francis bacon

Geocentrif believers were

Ptolemy, Aristotle, church

38

B

Something an enlightened guy would say is

Government should protect natural rights