Nutrition Chapter 24

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15 Terms

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Most Dense Macronutrient

Fats and Oils

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Beta Oxidation

Converts fatty acids to acetyl CoA

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Lipolysis

Breaks down lipids to fatty acids and glycerol

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Lipogenesis

Forms lipids from acetyl CoA and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

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The Absorptive state

-Is the fed state that lasts about 4 hours after eating begins

-Nutrients are flushed into the blood from the GI tract

-Anabolism exceeds catabolism and nutrients are stored

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Anabolism…

Builds larger molecules from smaller ones

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Catabolism

Breaks down complex structures

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Micronutrients include

Vitamins & Minerals

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The Body’s Preferred Source of Energy

Carbohydrates

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How much energy does protein provide? 

4 kcals/gram

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Factors of metabolic syndrome

-Increased waist circumference

-Increased BP

-Increased glucose

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Very-Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDLs)

Transport triglycerides from liver to peripheral tissues

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Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDLs)

Transport cholesterol to peripheral tissues

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HDLs

Scoop up and transport excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver

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Chylomicrons

Transport lipids from GI tract