Respiratory System

Respiratory system

maintains exchange gases and carbon dioxide

- regulates acid-base balance

Upper respiratory tract

- composed of nose, mouth, and pharynx

- filters, warm, humidify inspired air

- detect taste of smell

- also swallow

Nostrils /  Nares

External opening of nose

Vibrissae 

• Hair of nose / whiskers of animals

• Filters dust and foreign particles

Nasal Septum

• Division

• Midline of nasal cavity

Conchae / Turbinates

• Hole of nose

• Has bony structures that forms posterior wall of nasal cavity

Paranasal Sinuses -

functions as speech resonance

Larynx / Voice Box

• Air passage from pharynx to rest of respiratory tract

LOWER RT -

functions as contributing airway / passage airway

Acinus -

chief functional unit for gas exchange

Trachea / WindPipe

• From cricoid cartilage

• A base of larynx to lungs and to carina

Primary right bronchus -

shorter, wider, and more vertical than left bronchus

Secondary main bronchus -

consists of 5 (3 right and 2 left)

Tertiary bronchus -

consists of bronchioles and alveoli

Alveoli -

functional unit of lungs; where gas exchange happens

lungs

cone shaped

Diaphragm -

main muscle of lungs

Mediastinum -

spaces within the lungs

Metabolic alkalosis -

high carbon dioxide level

Metabolic acidosis -

low carbon dioxide level