Chapter 1A (BETTER)

What is a Behavior

Anything that a living thing does; something observable and measurable

What are Triggers?

Something that stimulates behavior

What is Physical Activity Behavior?

Any movement of the body that is produced by skeletal muscles that result in a use of energy

Why is behavior hard to change?

It is common human nature to seek out things you enjoy and avoid activities you dislike

What is Reinforcement?

Anything that ups the probability a behavior will occur again

General consensus of reinforcement:

Use positive reinforcement to up the likelihood of desirable behaviors

• Up attitude, motivation, etc.

Strategies for Positive Reinforcement:

Choose rewards that are meaningful to individual

Strategies for positive reinforcement 2:

Be selective: reward approprite behaviors

• impact of reward appropriate behaviors

• (2)

What should you reward

Performance and effort; not just outcome

Positive Motivational climate

Using + reinforcers in + and supportive environment

What is Feedback

Information based on reactions

What is feedback used for

Encouraging clients and opportunities for questions

Theories:

Allow you to understand, explain, and predict behaviors

Models

Provide visual representations of phenonmenons

Many theories have models:

But not all models are based on a theory

What iis Self Efficacy?

Person’s belief in his/her ability to perform a behavior

Low self efficacy

Not investing much effort

High-self efficacy

Sees difficult tasks as challenges 

Beliefs determine what

How you think, feel, and behave

Mastery Experience

Past success and failures that influence your self efficacy and confidence in future

Vicarious experience

Success and failures of other influence your self-efficacy

Verbal persuasion

Verbal Praise increase efficacy beliefs 

Emotional state

Association with past success and failures to affect efficacy

Exercise Efficacy

Belief about your abilities to exerciseB

Barriers efficacy

Belief about overcoming obstacles to exercise

Scheduling Efficacy

Confident can in corporate exercise into daily/weekly schedule

Health-behavior efficacy

Belief about capability to engage in health promoting behaviors

Transtheoretical Model (TTM)

Psychological framework that describes how people progress through stages when changing a behavior

Behavior Change (TTM)

Move slowly through many stages at varying rates

Stage 1 of Transtheoretical Model Stages of Change

Precontemplation:

Not considering or does not want to change behavior

Stage 2 of TTM stages of change

Contemplation: acknowledges problem and sees the need for change

3rd stage of change TTM

Preparation:

Planning to change within near future

4th stage of change TTM

Action: Has recently changed behavior

Step 5 of TTM

Maintenance: Regularly active for 6 months, strive to prevent relapse

TTM Self-Efficacy

Judgment of ability to perform; Changes with every step of TTM