Greek and hellenistic period

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46 Terms

1

colums

doric-no base, simple

ionic-bases,spirals at top

cornithian-bases, elaborate designs

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2

vases

pratical (food,exported items), art form (daily life, mythology)

  1. black-figure, red background

  2. red figure- black background

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3

greek art

life-like not realistic,arete, ideal figure

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4

women in greece

limited rights, cant go out in public, Artemis, Athena not typical Greek women

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5

greek goddesses

artemis- chaste goddess of the moon and of the hunt, hunted no child

Athena- chaste goddess of wisdom and war, war and no child

Hera-goddess of marriage, symbolizes spousal devotion

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6

Herdotos

“father of history”,stories from travel, Greece/perisa wars, fantastical tales, father of lies

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7

thucydides

atheian general, history of Peloponnesian war, no myths, speeches, gave credits to groups, died before finishing

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8

xenophon

athenian begins history where thuscedyes leaves off,

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9

theatre

drama (tragedy, comedy), epidauros 15,000, male cast w/masks

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10

aristophanes

, lysistra, celebacy casuse of peloponisian war

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11

Aiskhylos

second actor, orestria trilogy

1. Agamemnon

2. The Libation Bearers

3. The Furies (Eumenides)

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12

sophokles

tradgedys ancient legends of Thebes, Oedipus

trilogy: Oedipus Rex, Oedipus Colonnus, and Antigone

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13

europidoes

Medeia

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14

philosphy

love of wisdom, origannly tied to science, sophits where teachers

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15

Metaphysical

abstract thought or subjects, such as meaning

of existence, or truth

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16

sokrates

corrupting the youth, questioned government and religion

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17

plato

studied under sokrates, wrote it too, republic, founded the academy inner, metaphysical forms of things, good ethics, future rewards,

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18

aristoltle

student of plato,intented purpose of things,`politcal concious person, LYCEUM(Alexander), rich aducated in power,

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19

cynics/diogenes

challaenged loyalty to polis, plain simple living, tub for home,

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20

epikouros

life is nasty/short, YOLO

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21

zeno and the stoics

moderations, DIVINE reason

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22

hellinistic

end of independent greek cities,greek influenced, spread of Greek outside of greece

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23

Macedonia

king descendent of Hercules, olympics,

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24

Phillip 2nd

thebes, calmed down macedonia,

1. changed phlanax, heavy armor, sarias, calvary, metal trade routes

2.diplomacy cement power

3. polygamy, married daughters

4. sent sons to school

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25

isokrates

phillip 2nd unite Greeks against persia

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26

demosthenes

growing independence destroy growing city states, leads Athens and Thebes agaisnt phillip 2nd

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27

battle of chaeronea

demosthenes (Athens/Thebes) vs Philip 2nd

PHILLIP WINS,

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28

alex conquerer

  1. asia minor

  2. syria/ Phoenicia

  3. Egypt

  4. gaugemela

  5. defeats indian kings

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29

asia minor

by troy- claims Asia as his

defeats perisa- battle by granikos river

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30

syria/ Phoenicia

battle of issos, defeats king darius 3rd, w/ Macedonian phalanx+cavalry

takes over coastal cities

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31

egypt

liberator from perisans, pharoh, oracle of amun (Alex= amuns son), names cities after himself

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32

gaugamela

king Darius 3rd flees battle field, babylon,susa w/ wealth

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33

persepolis

burn palace of Xerxes for Persian burn of Athens,

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34

diadokhoi

alexanders 5 generals fight for power, 3 rise to rule hellenistic period

Antigonids=Macedon,

Ptolemies=Egypt

Seleucids=Syria/ eastern provinces.

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35

ecbatana

darius subordinates murder king, king of persia, punihses killer

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36

indus river

defeats Indian kings,troops refuse to go farther, return to babylon through gedrosian dessert

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37

control of empire

marries daughters of powerful natives, adopt persian customs, dies under mysterious circumstances, king line is exstint

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38

ptolemis

from Alexandria (egypt), non-greek traditions, insest, divine kingship (kings considered gods)

bulit lighthouse (wonder of world), liberary (Eratosthenes, Archimedes), burries alexanders body to take egypt

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39

potlemy kings

1.Philadelphos “sibling-loving,” married sister.

2.Euergetes “benefactor.”

3.Philopator “father-loving.” killed his father for throne, gave name to throw off suspicion.

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40

Eratosthenes,

mapmaker, calculated the circumference of the earth, of by 1%, earth is round

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41

Archimedes

mathematician/inventor discovered principle of water displacement, invented the lever

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42

Greek and Egyptian Religion

religion- Egyptian Goddess Isis worshipped in Greece, hybrid deities Serapis (Osiris, sacred bull Apis from Egypt, Zeus, Dionysos from Greece)

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43

Syncretism

ability to recognize gods in other cultures

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44

SELEUCIDS:

Syria/East, from Alexander’s general Seleukos, similar to the Ptolemies,native kingdom Babylonia, preferred city Antioch, divine right, royal incest

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45

Antigonids

macedonia and Greece, NO INSEST OR DIVINE, Greeks would not go for it

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46

pergamon

Greek becuase they were winners, acropolis ext,king attlatos, no tribute to galations, independent, altar of Zeus

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