Honors Bio Systems

plasma

plasma

liquid part of blood-dissolved nutrients/gases. mostly consists of water

red blood cells

RBC(erythnocytes) carry oxygen, contain hemoglobin(iron)

white blood cells

WBC(leukocytes) immune system, help fight disease.(neuttrophilis, macrophages)

platelets

cell fragments, help clotting

Mouth

saliva and teeth begin the process breaking down food.

esophagus

slowly moves food from the mouth to the stomach

stomach

briefly stores and breaks down food into small pieces

Small intestine

the breakdown of food is completed and nutrients move through it and into the bloodstream. (Absorbtion of nutrients)

large intestine

the breakdown of food is completed and nutrients move through it and into the bloodstream. (Absorbtion of water)

rectum

stores waste until it can be removed from the body

anus

place which waste is removed from the body

Digestive System

breaks down food into substances cells can absorb and use

Circulatory System

delivery system of the body. It delievers nutrients and O2 throughout cell and picks up waste

Respiratory System

brings O2 into body and removes CO2

Nervous System

recieves stimuli from inside and outside of the body and responds to change. Maintain homeostasis

Integumentary system

The skin protects and provides a barrier to keep out foreign materials and to prevent body from drying out

endocrine system

regulates body functions through chemical messengers called hormones, controls homeostasis, growth, and development.

reproductive system

preforms reproduction, controls male and female functions and behaviors

excretory/urinary system

disposes of waste and controls body fluid levels

immune system

fights infection and illness. Includes white blood cells.

skeletal system

provides support and structure to the body. Blood cells are made in bone marrow.

muscular system

allow movement of bones and body parts by working with the nervous and skeletal system

positive feedback

In positive feedback mechanisms, the original stimulus is promoted rather than negated. Positive feedback increases the deviation from an ideal normal value.

negative feedback

A negative feedback mechanism, often known as negative feedback homeostasis, is a pathway that is triggered by a deviation in output and produces changes in output in the opposite direction of the initial deviation.

aorta

largest artery in the heart; carries blood away from heart to body

pulmonary arteries

moves blood away from the heart and into lungs. Gains O2 loses CO2

atrium

chambers that recieve blood. Thin walled.

ventricles

chambers that push blood out

pulmonary veins

moves blood from lungs to heart

arteries

carry blood away from the heart

veins

carry blood to the heart

capillaries

smallest vessels where diffusion takes place