Chapter 22 - The Basics of Ecology

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34 Terms

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Decomposers
\________ and detritivores both play key roles in nutrient cycling in ecosystems.
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Ectotherms
\________ lack internal processes for maintaining body temperature and therefore rely on their surroundings for heat.
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Female
\________ insects emit compounds that male insects of the same species can detect.
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Detritivores
\________ are creatures that get their energy from the organic waste of deceased plants and animals.
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top predators
Crocodiles would consume some of the creatures that graze on seeds and plants on rain forest islands with \________, decreasing the population of these animals and protecting the number of plant species in these locations.
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Zooplankton
\________ consume phytoplankton, and sea stars, fish, and even whales consume \________.
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animal populations
Plant- eating \________ expanded rapidly in the absence of crocodiles, lowering the quantity of plants in these places.
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Access
\________ to energy is critical to an organism's health.
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Energy
\________ is used by organisms to grow, reproduce, and maintain their order.
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Endotherms
\________ utilise thermal energy created by their metabolism to keep their bodies warm.
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sea slug
When the \________ is unable to obtain food, it moves into the sunshine.
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Skunks
\________ expel stinky compounds to frighten away possible predators.
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Pheromones
\________ are chemical signals that some plants and animals emit in order to elicit a reaction from other species.
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Photoautotrophs
\________ are plants.
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body temperature
If a lizard's \________ falls, it will crawl to a heated rock or into the sunlight to warm up.
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stimulus
A(n) \________ is a change in the environment that causes a response.
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Herbicide runoff
\________ can contaminate the water, lowering the amount of phytoplankton.
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Behavioral
\________ or physiological strategies can be used by organisms to respond to environmental changes.
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Heterotrophs
\________ can derive energy from carbohydrates, lipids, or proteins by using hydrolysis processes to break down these macromolecules.
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Individuals
\________ and groups can benefit from cooperative activities.
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Dam building
\________ produced isolated rain forest islands, some of which housed top predators such as crocodiles, while others were left without top predators.
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Animals
\________ at higher trophic levels may aid in population control at lower levels.
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Birds
\________ utilize audio signals to communicate with other birds and to attract mates.
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Kleptoplasty
\________ is shown by a few number of species.
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Organisms
\________ are continually consuming energy in order to exist, and they get energy from the food they consume (or the carbon- containing molecules they produce if the \________ is photosynthetic)
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Chemoautotrophs
\________ derive their energy from tiny inorganic compounds in their surroundings.
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Natural selection
\________ will favor signals and reactions that enhance the likelihood of survival and successful reproduction.
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majority of chemoautotrophs
The \________ are bacteria found in harsh conditions such as deep- sea thermal vents or geothermal geysers.
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trophic levels
The quantity of biomass in the lower trophic levels of a food chain grows as you proceed down the \________, with the producers having the most biomass.
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Decomposers
\________ decompose dead organic matter, allowing nutrients from deceased species to be recycled through ecosystems.
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Kleptoplasty
\________ occurs when a heterotroph consumes an autotroph for nourishment while removing the chloroplasts from the autotroph's cells and incorporating them into its own cells.
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Heterotrophs
\________ obtain their energy from carbon molecules produced by other species.
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body temperatures
Adaptations for maintaining energy levels and \________ differ between animals.
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sea slug
The \________ Elysia crispata feeds on algae and integrates chloroplasts (from the algae it eats) into its own cells.

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