Chapter 22 - The Basics of Ecology

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Decomposers

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34 Terms

1

Decomposers

________ and detritivores both play key roles in nutrient cycling in ecosystems.

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2

Ectotherms

________ lack internal processes for maintaining body temperature and therefore rely on their surroundings for heat.

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3

Female

________ insects emit compounds that male insects of the same species can detect.

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4

Detritivores

________ are creatures that get their energy from the organic waste of deceased plants and animals.

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5

top predators

Crocodiles would consume some of the creatures that graze on seeds and plants on rain forest islands with ________, decreasing the population of these animals and protecting the number of plant species in these locations.

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6

Zooplankton

________ consume phytoplankton, and sea stars, fish, and even whales consume ________.

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7

animal populations

Plant- eating ________ expanded rapidly in the absence of crocodiles, lowering the quantity of plants in these places.

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8

Access

________ to energy is critical to an organism's health.

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9

Energy

________ is used by organisms to grow, reproduce, and maintain their order.

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10

Endotherms

________ utilise thermal energy created by their metabolism to keep their bodies warm.

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11

sea slug

When the ________ is unable to obtain food, it moves into the sunshine.

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12

Skunks

________ expel stinky compounds to frighten away possible predators.

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13

Pheromones

________ are chemical signals that some plants and animals emit in order to elicit a reaction from other species.

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14

Photoautotrophs

________ are plants.

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15

body temperature

If a lizard's ________ falls, it will crawl to a heated rock or into the sunlight to warm up.

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16

stimulus

A(n) ________ is a change in the environment that causes a response.

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17

Herbicide runoff

________ can contaminate the water, lowering the amount of phytoplankton.

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18

Behavioral

________ or physiological strategies can be used by organisms to respond to environmental changes.

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19

Heterotrophs

________ can derive energy from carbohydrates, lipids, or proteins by using hydrolysis processes to break down these macromolecules.

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20

Individuals

________ and groups can benefit from cooperative activities.

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21

Dam building

________ produced isolated rain forest islands, some of which housed top predators such as crocodiles, while others were left without top predators.

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22

Animals

________ at higher trophic levels may aid in population control at lower levels.

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23

Birds

________ utilize audio signals to communicate with other birds and to attract mates.

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24

Kleptoplasty

________ is shown by a few number of species.

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25

Organisms

________ are continually consuming energy in order to exist, and they get energy from the food they consume (or the carbon- containing molecules they produce if the ________ is photosynthetic)

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26

Chemoautotrophs

________ derive their energy from tiny inorganic compounds in their surroundings.

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27

Natural selection

________ will favor signals and reactions that enhance the likelihood of survival and successful reproduction.

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28

majority of chemoautotrophs

The ________ are bacteria found in harsh conditions such as deep- sea thermal vents or geothermal geysers.

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29

trophic levels

The quantity of biomass in the lower trophic levels of a food chain grows as you proceed down the ________, with the producers having the most biomass.

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30

Decomposers

________ decompose dead organic matter, allowing nutrients from deceased species to be recycled through ecosystems.

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31

Kleptoplasty

________ occurs when a heterotroph consumes an autotroph for nourishment while removing the chloroplasts from the autotroph's cells and incorporating them into its own cells.

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32

Heterotrophs

________ obtain their energy from carbon molecules produced by other species.

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33

body temperatures

Adaptations for maintaining energy levels and ________ differ between animals.

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34

sea slug

The ________ Elysia crispata feeds on algae and integrates chloroplasts (from the algae it eats) into its own cells.

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