Development

Development

The process by which a country improves its quality of life and becomes more independent.

Stages of development

The progression from least developed countries to developing countries, newly developed countries, and finally developed countries.

Quality of life

The well-being of individuals in terms of their environment, security, health, and happiness.

Social aspects of development

Factors such as birth rates, death rates, access to healthcare and sanitation, education, life expectancy, calorie intake, and religion.

Economic aspects of development

Factors such as GDP per capita, GNP per capita, inflation, and unemployment.

Technological aspects of development

Factors such as access to television, radio, and the internet.

Political aspects of development

Factors such as human rights, governance, justice, decision making, and gender equality.

Development indicator

A measure of how developed a country is.

Economic indicators

Measures such as GNP per capita, GDP per capita, GNP, GDP, and Purchasing Power Parity (PPP).

Inflation

The rise in prices of goods and services and its impact on development.

Unemployment

The lack of employment opportunities and its negative impact on development.

Economic structures

The proportion of people in the working class in different sectors of the economy, such as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.

Social indicators

Measures such as adult literacy, primary/secondary enrollment, birth rate, doctors per 1000, and gender equality.

Human Development Index (HDI)

A composite indicator combining economic and social indicators to rank countries into four categories:very high, high, medium, and low.

Mapping development

The recognition that development cannot be simplified as "rich north" or "poor south" as there are wealthy countries in the south and poor countries in the north.

Development gap

The widening difference in levels of development between the world's richest and poorest countries, influenced by historical, environmental, and socio-economic factors.

Debt

Owed money, which can be internal or external.

Tackling the problem of debt

Strategies such as debt cancellation.

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

Eight international goals set by the UN in 2000 to eradicate extreme poverty and improve various aspects of human well-being.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Goals formulated in 2015 to build upon the MDGs and focus on people, planet, and prosperity.

Aid

Assistance provided to countries in need.

Examples of aid

Military aid, technical aid.