INVESTIGATION

An occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the times any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked,
A. INCIDENT
B. ACCIDENT
C. SERIOUS INCIDENT

B. ACCIDENT
Ex.
a) A person is fatally or seriously injured as a result
b) the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure
c) the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible.

An occurrence, other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation.
A. INCIDENT
B. ACCIDENT
C. SERIOUS INCIDENT

A. INCIDENT

An incident involving circumstances indicating that an accident nearly occurred.
A. INCIDENT
B. ACCIDENT
C. SERIOUS INCIDENT

C. SERIOUS INCIDENT
Ex.
• Controlled flight into terrain only marginally avoided.
• Aborted take-offs on a closed or engaged runway.
• Take-offs from a closed or engaged runway with marginal separation from obstacle(s).
• Landings or attempted landings on a closed or engaged runway.

A person designated by a State, on the basis of his or her qualifications, for the purpose of participating in an investigation conducted by another State.

Accredited representative

A person appointed by a State, on the basis of his or her qualifications, for the purpose of assisting its accredited representative in an investigation

Adviser

Any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the air other than the reactions of the air against the earth’s surface

Aircraft.

Actions, omissions, events, conditions, or a combination thereof, which led to the accident or incident.

Causes

As a one or a number of specific reportable adverse events.

Dangerous Occurrence

Any type of recorder installed in the aircraft for the purpose of complementing accident/incident investigation.

Flight recorder.

Has the potential to cause harm to property, products, environment, and can lead to production losses and increased liabilities

Hazard

This is the most obvious reason why an event has occurred. Multiple immediate causes may be detected in an adverse event.

Immediate cause.

A process conducted for the purpose of accident prevention which includes the gathering and analysis of information, the drawing of conclusions, including the determination of causes and, when appropriate, the making of safety recommendations.

Investigation.

A person charged, on the basis of his or her qualifications, with the responsibility for the organization, conduct and control of an investigation

Investigator-in-charge

Maximum certificated take-off mass

Maximum mass

A person, organization or enterprise engaged in or offering to engage in an aircraft operation.

Operator

The communication used for the prompt dissemination of data obtained during the early stages of the investigation

Preliminary Report.

A proposal of the accident investigation authority of the State conducting the investigation, based on information derived from the investigation, made with the intention of preventing accidents or incidents

Safety recommendation.

An injury which is sustained by a person in an accident and which

Serious injury.

1. __________________ The State having jurisdiction over the organization responsible for the type design.

2. __________________ The State having jurisdiction over the organization responsible for the final assembly of the aircraft.

3. __________________. The State in the territory of which an accident or incident occurs.

4. __________________ The State in which the operator’s principal place of business is located or, if there is no such place of business, the operator’s permanent residence.

5. __________________ The State on whose register the aircraft is entered

State of Design. The State having jurisdiction over the organization responsible for the type design.

State of Manufacture. The State having jurisdiction over the organization responsible for the final assembly of the aircraft

State of Occurrence. The State in the territory of which an accident or incident occurs.

State of the Operator. The State in which the operator’s principal place of business is located or, if there is no such place of business, the operator’s permanent residence.

State of Registry. The State on whose register the aircraft is entered

SUBPART A: GENERAL
This Part is applicable to the—

(1) Organizations and operators that operate aircraft or provide services associated with the safe operation of aircraft; and

(2) All Government agencies necessary to ensure the timely and correct investigation and reporting of accidents.

SUBPART A: GENERAL
This Part is also applicable to—

(1) All persons associated with the safe operations of aircraft;

(2) The general public where they have information pertinent to an accident or incident investigation; and

(3) The technical persons that participate in the investigations.

ACCID –
AFTN –
AIP –
AOC -
ICAO –
IIC –
INCID –
SINCID –
IS –
PIC –
UTC –

ACCID – Accident
AFTN – Aeronautical Fixed Communication Network
AIP – Aeronautical Information Publication
AOC - Air Operator Certificate
ICAO – International Civil Aviation Organization
IIC – Investigator-in-Charge
INCID – Incident
SINCID – Serious Incident
IS – Implementing Standards
PIC – Pilot-in-Command
UTC – Universal Coordinated Time

13.015 PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION
What is the sole objective of the investigation of an accident or incident under this Part?

It shall be the prevention of accident and incident.

13.015 PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION
The investigation shall include ⎯

(1) the gathering, recording and analysis of all relevant information on the accident or incident;

(2) the protection of certain accident and incident investigation records in accordance with Part 13.220;

(3) if possible, the determination of the causes and/or contributing factors; and

(4) the completion of the Final Report.

What is SUBPART B?

SUBPART B: PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY: ACCIDENT/INCIDENT INITIAL REPORTING

SUBPART B:
This Subpart is applicable to _____________ and ___________ (relevant persons) who are involved in or have knowledge of an aircraft accident or incident:

operators and individuals

SUBPART B:
The relevant person shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable after he becomes aware of the accident or serious incident —

(1) send notice thereof to the Chairman

(2) notify a police officer of the accident

SUBPART B:
(a) The operator of any Philippine-registered civil aircraft, or any State aircraft not operated by the military, or any foreign aircraft shall immediately, and by the most expeditious means available, notify the Authority/Chairman when an aircraft accident or incident listed in IS 13.030, IS 13.175-1 to IS 13.175-3 occur.

13.025 IMMEDIATE NOTIFICATION

SUBPART B:
In this Sub-part, “relevant person” means —

the owner, operator, pilot-in-command or hirer of the aircraft at the time of the accident or incident

13.040 FORWARDING BY THE OPERATOR OF AN ACCIDENT OR INCIDENT REPORT
The operator of a civil, state or foreign aircraft shall file a report in the form and manner prescribed by the Authority—

(1) Within 10 days after an accident or incident; or

(2) After 7 days if an overdue aircraft is still missing.

SUBPART C: ACTIONS UPON RECEIPT OF NOTIFICATION
Where an accident or an incident occurs in Republic of the Philippines involving a civil aircraft, the _____________ or_____________ shall do the following:

the Chairman, investigator-in-charge

13.055 OCCURRENCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

Contracting State that is the _______________, the _________________, the _________________ or the ________________.

State of Registry

State of the Operator

State of Design

State of Manufacture

13.055 OCCURRENCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

The collection and recording of information shall not be delayed to await the arrival of an accredited representative.

13.060 OCCURRENCE OUTSIDE THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

Upon receipt of a notification of an accident or incident which occurs outside Republic of the Philippines involving a Republic of the Philippines aircraft or an aircraft operated by a Republic of the Philippines operator, the Chairman shall do the following:

WHAT SUBPART IS THIS?

(1) no person other than the Chairman, the investigator-in-charge or an authorized person shall have access to the aircraft involved in the accident or incident, the contents thereof or the site of the accident or incident; and

(2) no person shall move or interfere with the aircraft, its contents or the site of the accident or incident except under the authority of the Chairman or the investigator-in-charge

SUBPART D: PRESERVATION OF WRECKAGE AND RECORDS

SUBPART D: PRESERVATION OF WRECKAGE AND RECORDS
In this paragraph, “authorized person” means —

1. any person authorized by the Chairman or the investigator-in-charge either generally or specifically to have access to any aircraft involved in an accident or a serious incident and includes any police officer or any officer of customs

2. the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), includes any person authorized by the Chief of Staff, AFP or Commander of an AFP Major Service where the aircraft belongs.

13.070 RESPONSIBILITY: PRESERVATION & PROTECTION OF WRECKAGE AND ACCIDENT SITE

The _____________ and ____________ shall ensure as much as is practical that the wreckage and accident site is protected and preserved in accordance with the requirements of Sec 13.075 of this PCAR Part 13 until the Chairman or Investigator-in-Charge takes custody thereof.

OPERATOR AND PILOT-IN-COMMAND

13.070 RESPONSIBILITY: PRESERVATION & PROTECTION OF WRECKAGE AND ACCIDENT SITE

________________ shall include protection against further damage, access by unauthorized persons, pilfering and deterioration.

SAFE COSTUDY

13.070 RESPONSIBILITY: PRESERVATION & PROTECTION OF WRECKAGE AND ACCIDENT SITE

The ______________ of an aircraft involved in an accident or incident for which notification must be given is responsible for preserving to the extent possible any aircraft wreckage, cargo, and mail aboard the aircraft, and all records, including all recording mediums of flight, maintenance, and voice recorders, pertaining to the operation and maintenance of the aircraft and to the airmen until the Chairman or Investigator-in-Charge takes custody thereof or a release is granted.

OPERATOR

WHAT IS THE TITLE IN OF 13.075?
(a) Prior to the time the Chairman or its authorized representative takes custody of aircraft wreckage, mail, or cargo, such wreckage, mail, or cargo may not be disturbed or moved except to the extent necessary to—

(1) Remove persons or animals injured or trapped;

2) Protect the wreckage from further damage; or

(3) Protect the public from injury.

13.075 MOVING OR REMOVING THE WRECKAGE

13.075 MOVING OR REMOVING THE WRECKAGE

If a request is received from the State of Registry, the State of the Operator, the State of Design or the State of Manufacture that the aircraft, its contents, and any other evidence remain undisturbed pending inspection by an accredited representative of the requesting State, the ________________ shall take all necessary steps to comply with such request, so far as this is reasonably practicable and compatible with the proper conduct of the investigation; provided that the aircraft may be moved—

INVESTIGATOR - IN - CHARGE

13.075 MOVING OR REMOVING THE WRECKAGE

In the absence of the owner, operator or hirer or in the event of non-compliance with the order referred to in paragraph (d), the ____________ OR ____________ shall be empowered to remove or cause the removal of the aircraft.

Chairman or the investigator-in-charge

WHAT IS THE TITLE OF 13.080?
if the aircraft is wrecked in water, the aircraft or any contents thereof may be removed to such extent as may be necessary for bringing the aircraft or its contents to a place of safety.

13.080 ACCESS OF AIRCRAFT

13.085 REMOVING GOODS OR BAGGAGE FROM THE AIRCRAFT
(1) remove the goods or passenger baggage from the aircraft subject to the supervision of a police officer not below the rank of ________________;

Inspector of police