macromoleclules & lipids

Macromolecules

Bio molecules

Macronutrients?

Protein lipids and carbohydrates

What do macronutrients do?

Supply energy and raw materials

What are proteins made up of?

Amino acids

How many kinds?

Twenty kinds of amino acids

How many are essential?

8 are essential

Amino acids combining is called?

Dipeptide

More than two combining?

Polypeptide

What is the primary function of protein?

Making of body and cellular structures such as hormones

Another main function of protein?

It can be used as a source of energy

what are lipids made of?

Fatty acids and glycerol

What are the two types of lipids?

Fats and oil

Note

Fats are lipids in the solid state and oils are lipids in the liquid state

Why are lipids important?

They are used for the storage of energy, for insulation, and as shock absorbers

What are carbohydrates made up of?

Sub units called monosaccharides

Examples of monosaccharides?

Glucose and fructose

Primary purpose of carbohydrates?

Provide a ready source of energy

What is energy measure in

Calories

What is pecking order?

The body uses the macronutrients in the following order: carbohydrates, lipids, protein

What is anabolism?

Simple things are used to synthesize or make complex ones

What is catabolism

Complex substances are broken down into simpler ones

What are enzymes

Proteins that function biological catalysts

Biological catalysts do what?

Speed up chemical reactions

The rate at which enzymes speed up chemical reactions depends on four main factors ?

Temperature, concentration of the enzyme, concentration of the substance,