1050 MICRO FINAL REVIEW

Why is it important for the dental assistant to understand microbiology?

The dental assistant gains an enhanced understanding of infection control

What is the name of the staining process for separating bacteria?

Gram test

What is the most resistant form of bacteria life?

Spores

What is the term for bacteria that does not require oxygen?

Anaerobes

Bacteria cause which of the following oral conditions?

Dental caries and periodontal disease

A virus that can affect the oral cavity is?

Herpes Simplex

Viruses are smaller than bacteria?

(TURE OR FALSE)

True

The five major groups of microorganisms are

1.) Bacteria

2.) Viruses

3.) Algae

4.) Protozoa

5.) Fungi

The three basic shapes of bacteria are

1.) Cocci- spherical

2.) Bacilli- rods

3.) Spirilla

5 ways viral disease are transmitted

1.) Direct contact

2.) Insects

3.) Blood transfusions

4.) Contaminated food and water

5.) Inhaling droplets from coughing/ sneezing

The term for harmless bacteria is?

Normal Flora

What are capable of causing illness as well as being beneficial?

Microorganisms

The process of heating food to remove bacteria?

Pasteurization

Oral candidiasis is caused by?

Fungi

Mycology is the study of?

Fungi

Phycology is the study of?

Algae

Louis Pasteur

Father of Immunology

Ignaz Semmelweis

Recognized the importance of hand washing

Edward Jenner

1st person credited with the concept of immunization

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Was the first to have recorded viewing little animals under microscope from tooth scrapings and gutter water

Microorganisms that produce disease in humans are known as

Pathogens

Which of the following forms of hepatitis is transmitted through contaminated food or water?

HAV (hepatitis A)

Which of the following diseases are NOT caused by bacteria?

Mononucleosis

Inhalation, ingestion, mucous membranes, breaks in the skin are all:

Portals of entry of microorganisms into the body

What disease is caused by the varicella pathogen?

Chickenpox

What does OPIM stand for?

Other potentially infectious materials

Dental assistants should be immunized against:

Hepatitis B

The disease that is transmitted through bloodborne contact and breaks down the body’s immune system is:

HIV

Which herpes simplex virus type causes sores on the lips:

Herpes simplex type 1

The primary cause of shingles is:

Varicella-zoster virus

Which of the following disease can be prevented via immunization?

Hepatitis B

The strength of an organism in its ability to produce disease is:

Virulence

What symptoms appear soon after an initial infection occurs, and may be severe, but is short in duration, it is considered an _______ infection.

Acute

An _______ disease is one that communicable or contagious.

Infectious

Transmission of disease to a susceptible person through the handling of contaminated instruments or by touching contaminated surfaces is a form of _____ transmission.

Indirect

The most common route of disease transmission in the dental office is through:

Indirect contact with surfaces

In the chain of infection, a person who is unable to resist infection by a particular pathogen is known as:

A susceptible host

In order for pathogens to cause infection, they must have a way to enter the body:

Portal of entry

Transmission of pathogens from one person to another person is called? also most common route

Direct

According to _______ precautions, all patients and body fluids need to be treated as if they are infected with blood-borne disease such as HIV and/ HBV infection.

Standard

The OSHA BBP standard requires each dental office to have a written ECP, which must be accessible to all employees. What is an ECP?

Exposure control plan

A dental assistant is in which category of occupational exposure?

Category 1

Waterless antiseptic products that contain alcohol are most effective at what concentration?

60-95%

Which of the following best describes the proper PPE when donning?

Mask, protective eyewear than gloves

Of the pathways for cross-contamination in a dental practice, sterilizing instruments best prevents which pathways?

Patient-to-patient

In the dental office, transmission of disease from the dental office to the family of a member of the dental team, is an example of?

Dental office-to-community

The guidelines for infection control in dental health-care settings-2003, which is now the standard of care, was released by what agency?

CDC

The law designed to protect employees against occupational exposure to blood-born disease-causing organism such as HBV, HIV, and /HCV is:

The OSHA Blood-borne pathogens standard

Training employees on the proper response to an exposure incident in a dental office is the responsibility of the:

Employer

Infections waste is:

Regulated waste

Used for surface cleaning and disinfection

Utility gloves

Used at chairside when coming in contact with patients

Examination gloves

Used to touch drawer handles, containers, etc. during a procedure

Overgloves

Employee medical records must be kept for a minimum of

30 years

During dental procedures contains?

Saliva and aerosol

Type of bacteria that does not require oxygen

Anaerobes

In the dental world bacteria can cause

barriers and parental don Toal disease

What are the three factors for infectious disease to develop?

Virulence, dose, resistance

What consists of microorganisms that are always on the skin and can never be remove totally, even with a surgical scrub?

Resident flora (normal flora)