Chapter 16: Endocrine System Lecture Notes

Vocabulary and terminology from the Chapter 16 lecture on the endocrine system, including medical roots, conditions, diseases, and diagnostic tests.

acr-

extremities

calc-

calcium

cortic-

cortex

kal-

Potassium

natr-

sodium

adren-

adrenal gland

endocrin-

endocrine

glyc-

Sugar, Glucose

dips-

thirst

Parathyroid-

Parathyroid gland

Pituitar-

pituitary gland

thyroid-

thyroid gland

drome-

to run

acromegaly

abnormal enlargement of hands / feet

adrenalitis

inflammation of adrenal glands

adrenomegaly

abnormal enlargement of one adrenal gland

endocrinopathy

disorder of endocrine system

hypercalcemia

abnormally high level of calcium in blood

hyperglycemia

abnormally high level of sugar in blood

hyperparathyroidism

condition caused by overactivity of Parathyroid glands

hyperpituitarism

condition caused by the excessive secreation of hormone of pituitary gland

hyperthyroidism

condition caused by overproduction of horemones by thyroid gland

hypocalcemia

abnormally low level of calcum in blaad

hypoglycemia

abnamally low level of sugar in blood

hypokalemia

abnormally low level of potassium in blood.

hyponatremia

abnormally low level of sodium in blood

hypopituitarism

Deficiency of thyroid hormone

hypothyroidism

Pituitary impairment / loss of hormone actuity

Panhypopituitaris

tumor of parathyroid gland

thyroditis

inflammation of thyroid gland

Pheochromooma

Benigh tumor of adrenal medulla

adrenalectomy

Surgical removal of one/more adrenal gland

thyrotoxicosis

toxic condition caused by an excess of thyroid hormones

Parathyroidectomy

Surgical removal of one/more parathyroid gland

thyroidectomy

removal of all parts of thyroid gland

adrenocorticohyperplasia

Excessue development in H of cells in adrenal cortex

Cortical

Pertaining to a cortex /outer layer of an organ.

endocrinologist

Physican who specializes in treating endocrine disorders

endocrinology

Study of endocrine system

euglycemia

normal level of suger in blood

euthyroid

Having normally functiong thyroid gland

glycemia

Presence of glucose in blood

polydipsia

excess we thirst

Syndrome

Signs/Symptoms occur together from disease

addi son disease

endocrine disease /adrenal glands Do not produce

congenital hypothyroidism

thyroid deficency presented @birth

Cushing Syndrome

Metabolic disorder caused by exposure to high cortisol levels.

diabetes insipidus (DI)

Metabolic disorder

diabetes Mellitus (OM)

Metabolic disorder (high blood sugar)

gigantism

excessive growth/height significanity libre average

graves disease

autoimmune disorder causes hyperthyroidism

Hashimoto thyroiditis

autoimmune disorder that Causes hopectin inflammation of thyroid

Ketoacidosis

life threatening complicated diabetes

Metabolic Syndrome

increased bP, excess body fat

Myxedema

Sever, advanced hypothyroidism

neuroblastoma

type of cancer that develops from immature nere cells

tetany

condition of intermitten Musciulior spasms

incretins

Metabolic hormones Stimulated by food intake/insulin then relased by pancreas

Corticosteroid

Drug that mimics hormones Produce by adrenal glands

fasting blood sugar

test to measure amount of glucose

fme needle aspiration

small needle to with draw Cells or fluid from lump or mass

glycosylated hemoglobin

blood test to measure amount of glucose chemically bound to hemoglobin

radioactive iodine uptake

nuclear Medicine test to measure radioactue iodine absorption

Sestamibi Parathyroid Scan

imaging test used to identify overactive parathyroid glands

thyroid Sonography

ultrasound of thyroid

thyroid-stimulating hormone level

blood test Measuring level of FSH level

thyroxine level

blood test to measure amount of thyrox

exophthalmos

abnormal bulging of one both yu balls

goiter

abnormal enlargement of thyroid gland

hormone

chemical messenger Produced by endocrine gland

Metabolism

total of all chemical reactions

antidiabetic agent

Drug that treats diabetes by Controuing blood Sugar

antithyroid agent

Drug that counters hyperthyroidism by reducing Production of thyroid hormones

thyroid hormone replacement

hormone to regulate metabolism / endocrine functions

hypoglycemic agent

Drug that lowers blood sugar