HOSA vet sciences- surgery

autoclave

used to sterilize equipment

aseptic technique

general practices used to minimize the risk of infection after surgery

scapel

used to cut tissues

needle holder

used to hold needle during suturing

scissors

cut through tissue

tissue forceps

used to grab and hold tissue

hemostatic forceps

clamp blood vessels

retractors

hold incision

towel forceps/ towel clamps

surgical drapes to cover the animal- prevents contamination

spay hook

used to make incision in the uterus

granulation tissue

combination of capillaries and connective tissue in an open wound that has a red fleshy appearance- essential to healing

first intention healing

first 6-8 hours when the wound starts to close- bacteria remains low

golden period

first 6-8 hours when bacteria is low, allowing the wound to close

second intention healing

after 6-8 hours when granulation tissue must fill the gap to allow epithelial cells to grow

proud flesh

overgrowth of granulation tissue not allowing epithelial cells to grow

débridement

process of removing damaged or infected tissue

what prevents large wounds from not healing by second intention?

movement, infection, trauma (dog or cat licking the wound)

dead space

removed space after surgery- can lead to fluid buildup

methods to remove fluids from dead space

suturing or drainage (tubing)

dehiscence

breaking of wound edges- occurs at suturing

2 types of suturing material

non-absorbing + absorbing

absorbing suturing material

used within the tissue

non-absorbing suturing material

used to close skin incisions

simple interrupted suture pattern

securely closing wounds

simple continuous suture pattern

quickly closing wounds

horizontal mattress suture pattern

close wounds under high tension

vertical mattress suture pattern

close wounds where edges tend to invert

type of knots used for suturing

square knots

endoscope

used to look inside the body

lacerate

to cut in flesh/skin

example of using absorbable suture and non-absorbable suturing

absorbable: to close the linea alba (connective tissue in abdomen)

non absorbable: to close the skin

ligate

to close blood vessels or fallopian tubes

intestinal anastomosis

procedure in which two regions of the intestine are joined

gastric dilatation-volvulus syndrome

buildup of gas in the stomach- usually occurs in large, deep chested dogs that have consumed large meals

necrotic (regions)

dead (regions)