Chinese Communist Revolution, Mao, Deng, and Korean War Flashcards

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and events related to the Chinese Communist Revolution, Mao's era, Deng Xiaoping's reforms, and the Korean War.

Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen)

Leader of the Guomindang (nationalists) who wanted to unify China and eliminate spheres of influence.

The Three Principles of the People

Nationalism, Democracy, and Livelihood; the principles to unify China.

Mao Zedong

Leader of the Communists who fought the Guomindang.

The Long March

A 6000-mile retreat into Northwest China by the Communists in 1934.

The significance of 1911 in China

Overthrow of the Qing (Manchu) Dynasty and the creation of the Republic of China.

1925

The year Sun Yixian died and Jiang Jieshi took control of the Guomindang.

1931

Year that Japan established a puppet state in Manchuria (Manzhouguo).

1949

Year the Communists drove Nationalists to Taiwan, leading Jiang Jieshi to declare Nationalist China in Taiwan.

In 1949, Mao Zedong declared

the People’s Republic of China was declared.

Mao’s Goals for Communist China

Transform China from an agricultural to an industrial nation, increase literacy, eliminate landlord and business classes, provide healthcare, and allow women equality under the law.

The Great Leap Forward (1958-1962)

Intended to increase agricultural and industrial production, it used farm communes, set production quotas, the Iron Rice Bowl, and backyard steel furnaces.

Under the Great Leap Forward everyone earned the same salary called the

The Iron Rice Bowl.

Summary of the results of the Great Leap Forward

Commune goods were poorly made, agricultural output declined, leading to three years of famine and low production.

The Cultural Revolution

A movement started by Mao in 1966 to renew Communist loyalty, during which he shut down schools and universities so students could join the RED GUARD.

During the Cultural Revolution

The RED GUARD attacked professors, government officials, and factory managers.

Mao’s Little Red Book

The Thoughts of Chairman Mao, containing the ideas of the Cultural Revolution.

Results of the Cultural Revolution

Students lost years of education, people feared arrest and persecution, China’s economy suffered, and China closed to the outside world.

Deng Xiaoping’s Reforms: The Four Modernizations

Allowed free enterprise and profit-making (beyond quotas), opened China to trade with the West, and encouraged foreign investment in Chinese industries.

The Four Modernizations

Modernize and Mechanize Agriculture, Upgrade and Expand Industry, Improve Military Defense Systems, and Promote and Develop Education and Technology.

Under Deng’s Reforms the Responsibility System

Allowed free enterprise and profit-making (beyond quotas).

Tibet

1950 - Chinese forces invaded Tibet and in 1959 - The Dalai Lama fled Tibet.

The Asian Tigers

Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea.

Japan after WWII became a

Parliamentary Democracy.

In 1945, Korea was split

Soviets occupied the NORTH and the US occupied the SOUTH.

During the Korean war the commander of the 15 nation UN forces was

Douglas MacArthur.