Hypothesis and Conclusion Logic Terms

Vocabulary flashcards covering types of reasoning, logic statements, and laws of logic based on the lecture transcript.

Inductive reasoning

A type of reasoning that reaches conclusions based on a pattern of specific examples or past events.

Conjecture

An unproven statement or rule that is based on inductive reasoning.

Negation

Switching the meaning or signs of a statement, represented by a symbol like the one over the Spanish N.

Conditional

An if-then statement that flows from $P$ to $Q$.

Converse

A statement formed by switching the hypothesis and the conclusion of a conditional statement, moving from $Q$ to $P$.

Inverse

A statement formed by taking the conditional statement from $P$ to $Q$ and making both the hypothesis and conclusion negative.

Contrapositive

A statement formed by switching the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement and making both negative (from negative $Q$ to negative $P$).

Biconditional

An if and only if statement.

Deductive reasoning

A process of thinking that uses given and previously known facts, such as laws and properties.

Law of detachment

A law of logic stating that if an if-then conditional statement has a true hypothesis, then its conclusion is true.