Structure of RNA and DNA

What does DNA stand for?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

What does RNA stand?

Ribonucleic acid

DNA and RNA are what?

Important information-carrying molecules

All living cells, DNA does what?

Holds genetic information

in all living cells, RNA does what?

Transfers genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes

Ribosomes are formed from what?

RNA and proteins

RNA and DNA are polymers of what?

Nucleotides

Each nucleotide is formed from what?

A pentose, a nitrogen-containing organic base, and a phosphate group

What are the components of a DNA nucleotide?

Deoxyribose, a phosphate group and one of the bases, adenine, cytosine, guanine or thymine

What are the components of an RNA nucleotide?

ribose, a phosphate group, and one of the organic bases, adenine, cytosine, guanine or uracil

What is a DNA molecule?

A double helix with two polynucleotide chains held together by hydrogen bonds between specific complementary base pairs

A condensation reaction between two nucleotides forms a what?

Phosphodiester bond

An RNA molecule is a what?

Relatively short polynucleotide chain

the relative simplicity of DNA lead to what?

Many scientists to doubt it contained The genetic code

What is the purpose of the weak hydrogen bonds between the strands?

They can be easily overcome, so that the strands can be separated in replication

Describe the structure of DNA

Polymer of nucleotides

Each nucleotide formed from deoxyribose, a phosphate (group) and an organic/nitrogenous base

Phosphodiester bonds (between nucleotides)

Double helix/2 strands held by hydrogen bonds

(Hydrogen bonds/pairing) between adenine, thymine and cytosine, guanine