types of integral proteins

• has attached sugar

glycoproteins

• aids in cellular recognition

glycoproteins

• modified by enzymes in lumen of rough ER

glycoproteins

used as receptors for cell signaling

transmembrane

allows materials to move passively

channel proteins

ion channels (gated or open)

gated

aquaporins (gated or open)

open

• open and close in response to stimuli

ion channel

• respond to changes in membrane potential

voltage gated channels

essential for generating electrical impulses in nerve and cardiac cells

voltage gated channels

change conformation to move materials

carrier proteins

can be involved in active or passive transport

carrier proteins

closely bound to either side of membrane

peripheral proteins

act as enzymes and receptor proteins

peripheral proteins

open and close in response to binding of ligand

ligand gated channels

what is a ligand

hormone or neurotransmitter

respond to physical stimuli

mechanically gated ion channels

in sensory tissue

mechanically gated ion channels