CSCC Microbiology Exam 1 Comprehensive Study Guide

The scientist usually considered the first to see microorganisms, which he called "animalcules", was A. Redi B. van Leeuwenhoek C. Pasteur D. Tyndall

B

Which of these scientist(s) was/were involved in, investigating the idea of spontaneous generation? A. Redi B. van Leeuwenhoek C. Pasteur D. Escherich E. Redi AND Pasteur

E

Cellulose is a major component of plants and is only directly digested by A. herbivores. B. termites. C. microorganisms.

C

Microorganisms are involved in A. production of medicinal products. B. transforming atmospheric nitrogen to a form useful to plants. C. food production. D. pollution cleanup. E. All of the choices are correct.

E

Smallpox A. has been eradicated with last case reported Somalia in 1977. B. a successful vaccination campaign was conducted in the 1960's C. its eradication was partially due to the fact it infects only humans. E. All of the choices are correct.

E

Which is usually true of Archaea? A. They are found as rods, spheres, or spirals. B. They reproduce by binary fission. C. They contain rigid cell walls. D. They are found as single cells. E. All of the choices are correct.

E

Viroids A. are naked pieces of RNA. B. are naked pieces of DNA. C. are composed of protein encasing DNA.

A

Viruses, viroids and prions A. can only grow intracellularly. B. are acellular agents of disease. C. infect only animals. D. can only grow intracellularly AND are acellular agents of disease.

D

Prions are composed of A. RNA. B. DNA. C. Protein.

C

In viewing a microscopic specimen, oil is used to A. decrease the refraction. B. increase the reflection. C. decrease the refraction AND increase the resolution.

C

The acid-fast stain A. reflects differences in cytoplasmic membrane structure. B. is useful for distinguishing a small group of organisms, including Mycobacterium. C. uses crystal violet and safranin. D. uses carbolfuchsin and methylene blue. E. is useful for distinguishing a small group of organisms, including Mycobacterium AND uses carbolfuchsin and methylene blue.

E

Which is (are) true concerning the cell wall of prokaryotes? A. It determines shape of the bacteria. B. It prevents bacteria from bursting. C. It may be targeted by antimicrobials. D. All of the choices are true.

D

Penicillin would be most effective against A. non-growing bacteria. B. fast growing bacteria. C. Gram-positive bacteria. D. Gram-negative bacteria. E. fast growing bacteria AND Gram-positive bacteria

E

Which of the following bacteria lack a cell wall? A. Treponema pallidum B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis C. Staphylococcus aureus D. Mycoplasma pneumoniae

D

A bacterial capsule A. may be used for protection. B. may be used to help the bacteria adhere to surfaces. C. may be involved in movement. D. may be used for protection AND may be used to help the bacteria adhere to surfaces.

D

Extrachromosomal DNA is found in _______ A. mitochondria B. plasmids C. nucleoid D. nucleoli E. mitochondria AND plasmids

E

Biofilms A. are polysaccharide-encased prokaryote communities that are attached to surfaces. B. are organized structures with open channels for passage of nutrients and water. C. contribute to diseases like tooth decay. D. can be exploited for bioremediation. E. All of the choices are correct.

E

During which phase of growth are bacteria most susceptible to antibiotics? A. lag B. stationary C. exponential (log) D. decline

C

Blood agar A. is often used to culture clinically relevant bacteria. B. may be used as a selective media. C. may be used as a differential media. D. is often used to culture clinically relevant bacteria AND may be used as a differential media.

D

The nucleocapsid is composed of A. DNA and RNA and protein. B. DNA or RNA and protein. C. protein located in the nucleus.

B

For which of the following processes are enzymes not required? A. replication B. maturation C. self-assembly

C

Enveloped viruses obtain their envelope from A. a newly constructed viral-derived membrane. B. the nuclear membrane. C. the host plasma membrane AND as they exit the host.

C

The best known chronic infection involves A. chickenpox. B. herpes. C. hepatitis A. D. hepatitis B.

D

The best-known examples of viruses that cause latent infections are A. polio. B. herpes. C. chickenpox. D. herpes AND chickenpox.

D

. Plant viruses may be transmitted by A. worms. B. contaminated seeds. C. humans. D. insects. E. All of the choices are correct.

E

The first virus to be discovered was a plant virus called A. Tobacco mosaic virus B. plant viroid C. phage virus

A

Prions A. replicate by converting normal host proteins into prion proteins. B. are responsible for "Mad Cow Disease" can cause a similar disease in humans. C. can be transmitted by consumption of dried or cooked prion containing meat. E. All of the above

E

Spongiform encephalopathy occurs in A. humans. B. cattle. C. sheep. D. All of the choices are correct.

D

Late log phase of the bacterial growth curve A. is marked by the production of primary metabolites. B. is marked by the production of secondary metabolites. C. is a transition into the death phase.

B

Organisms are killed by gaseous oxygen are A. facultative aerobes. B. obligate anaerobes. C. facultative anaerobes.

B

Which of the following is/are obligate aerobes? A. Clostridium botulinum B. Escherichia coli C. Micrococcus luteus

C

Mycobacterium leprae typically infects ears, toes and fingers of its host due to its A. requirement for well-oxygenated blood. B. easy access to those parts. C. need for cooler temperatures.

C

Trace elements A. include zinc, copper, and manganese. B. may be needed for enzyme function. C. include zinc, copper, and manganese AND may be needed for enzyme function.

C

High concentrations of salt and sugar in foods A. are useful in preserving the food. B. tend to draw water out of a cell. C. tend to force water into a cell, causing plasmolysis. D. are useful in preserving the food AND tend to draw water out of a cell

D

Which one of the following statements is true about microorganisms? A. They are not ubiquitous B. Some of them can decay organic matter. C. They have no beneficial use in the environment

B

Scientists who discovered that female Anopheles mosquitoes transmits malaria were? A.Redi and Pasteur B. Ross and Grassy C. Jablot and Salk

B

The organism that causes malaria is? A. Mosquito B. Plasmodium species C. Anopheles mosquito

B

One of the following discoveries was not part of golden age of Microbiology? A. Pasteurization process B. Discovery of the Ebola virus C. Gram staining process

B

Bacteria which contain wax-like material on their cell walls and are A. Streptococci B. Mycobacteria C. Staphylococci

B

In Gram negative bacterial cell walls the peptidoglycan layer is located? A. Above the outer cell membrane B. Between the outer and inner cell membranes C. Under the inner cell membrane

B

When a 4x objective lens is used to observe an object the total magnification is A. 4000x B. 400x C. 40x

C

To observe internal structures such the nucleus and organelles we use A. Bright field microscope B. Dark field microscope C. Phase contrast microscope

C

60-90% of the cell walls of Gram positive bacteria is made of peptidoglycan A. True B. False

A

HIV? A. Is an RNA virus B. Is a DNA virus C. Has no nucleic acid of its own

A

In the your lab experiment the bacteria you used to stain to see spores were A. Staphylococci B. Bacillus C. E.coli

B

In the lab the bacteria you used to stain to see capsules were A. Staphylococci B. Klebsiealla C. E.coli

B

One of following is not part of the limitations to Koch's postulates. A. Some obligate intracellular parasites will grow on artificial media. B. Some organisms cannot be grown on artificial media C. Some organisms may not be present when symptoms occur

A

Advances in microbiology make it possible to have genetically engineered agricultural plants. A. True B. False

A

9. Some vaccines can be prepared using live organisms. A. True B. False

A

Microbial growth can be controlled by A. Antibiotics B. Chemical reagents C. Antibiotics and chemical reagents

C