Introduction to Human Anatomy & Movement Flashcards (Chapter 1)

Vocabulary flashcards covering human anatomy, movement, motor behavior, levels of structural organization, tissue types, organ systems, connective tissue, and anatomical terminology based on Chapter 1 notes.

Anatomy

Study of the structure of organisms

Physiology

Study of the function of body structures

Kinesiology

Study of the art and science of human movement

Gross (Macroscopic) Anatomy

Study of structures without a microscope

Microscopic Anatomy

Study using microscopic techniques

Systemic Anatomy

Study of specific body systems

Regional Anatomy

Study of specific body regions

Functional Anatomy

Study of how systems work together for movement

Surface Anatomy

Study of body landmarks

Motor Behavior

Study of behavioral aspects of movement

Motor Control

How the nervous system coordinates movement

Motor Learning

How skills are learned or improved

Motor Development

Changes in movement across the lifespan

Gross Motor Skills

Large movements

Fine Motor Skills

Precise movements

Infants and Children Concept

They are not miniature adults, follow developmental progressions, and achieve motor milestones

Older Adults Strength

Decreases (↓ Strength) as part of life-span movement considerations

Older Adults Range of Motion

Decreases (↓ Range of motion) in older adults

Older Adults Balance

Decreases (↓ Balance) in older adults

Older Adults Reaction Time

Decreases (↓ Reaction time) in older adults

Complexity

Anatomical concept stating that body systems are highly interconnected

Variability & Individuality

Anatomical concept stating that each person has unique anatomical structures

Adaptability

Anatomical concept stating that body structures adapt to stress and activity

Connectivity

Anatomical concept stating that body parts are structurally linked

Asymmetry

Anatomical concept stating that left and right sides are not perfectly identical

Chemical / Molecular Level

Initial level of structural organization in the body

Cellular Level

Level of structural organization representing the smallest living unit

Tissue Level

Level of structural organization defined as a group of similar cells

Organ Level

Level of structural organization consisting of two or more tissues

Organ System Level

Level of structural organization consisting of multiple organs working together

Organism Level

Level of structural organization representing the entire body

Epithelial Tissue

Tissue type responsible for protection, secretion, and absorption

Muscle Tissue

Tissue type that produces force and movement

Nervous Tissue

Tissue type that functions as a communication system

Connective Tissue

Tissue type providing support and structure, such as bone, ligament, cartilage, etc.

Cardiovascular System

One of the body's organ systems

Digestive System

One of the body's organ systems

Endocrine System

One of the body's organ systems

Muscular System

One of the body's organ systems

Nervous System

One of the body's organ systems

Skeletal System

One of the body's organ systems

Respiratory System

One of the body's organ systems

Urinary System

One of the body's organ systems

Reproductive System

One of the body's organ systems

Integumentary System

One of the body's organ systems

Lymphatic/Immune System

One of the body's organ systems

Cardiac Muscle

Muscle tissue type that pumps blood

Smooth Muscle

Muscle tissue type that moves substances in body systems

Skeletal Muscle

Muscle tissue type that produces movement, with approximately 650 in the body

Number of Skeletal Muscles

Approximately 650 muscles in the body

Tendons

Connective tissue that connects muscle to bone and transmits force

Tendon Function - Connection

Connects muscle to bone

Tendon Function - Force

Transmits force

Ligaments

Connective tissue that connects bone to bone and stabilizes joints

Ligament Function - Connection

Connects bone to bone

Ligament Function - Joints

Stabilizes joints

Cartilage

Connective tissue that provides support and cushioning

Hyaline Cartilage

A type of cartilage

Fibrocartilage

A type of cartilage

Elastic Cartilage

A type of cartilage

Fascia

Connective tissue that surrounds and supports structures

Anatomical Position

Body position characterized by body upright, arms at sides, and palms forward

Sagittal Plane

Body plane that divides the body into left and right sides

Frontal Plane

Body plane that divides the body into front and back portions

Transverse Plane

Body plane that divides the body into top and bottom portions

Flexion and Extension

Movements that occur in the sagittal plane

Abduction and Adduction

Movements that occur in the frontal plane

Rotation

Movement that occurs in the transverse plane

Anterior

Anatomical directional term paired with posterior

Posterior

Anatomical directional term paired with anterior

Medial

Anatomical directional term paired with lateral

Lateral

Anatomical directional term paired with medial

Superior

Anatomical directional term paired with inferior

Inferior

Anatomical directional term paired with superior

Proximal

Anatomical directional term paired with distal

Distal

Anatomical directional term paired with proximal

Ipsilateral

Anatomical directional term paired with contralateral

Contralateral

Anatomical directional term paired with ipsilateral

Superficial

Anatomical directional term paired with deep

Deep

Anatomical directional term paired with superficial

Multidisciplinary Nature of Movement - Anatomy

One of the disciplines involved in human movement

Multidisciplinary Nature of Movement - Physiology

One of the disciplines involved in human movement

Multidisciplinary Nature of Movement - Kinesiology

One of the disciplines involved in human movement

Multidisciplinary Nature of Movement - Psychology

One of the disciplines involved in human movement

Multidisciplinary Nature of Movement - Sociocultural factors

Factors included in the multidisciplinary nature of movement

Multidisciplinary Nature of Movement - Medical sciences

One of the scientific fields contributing to the study of movement

Final Summary: Anatomy

Structure

Final Summary: Physiology

Function

Final Summary: Movement Requirement

Movement requires integration of multiple systems

Final Summary: Body Organization

Body is organized, adaptable, and interconnected

Final Summary: Human Movement Scope

Human movement is multidisciplinary and lifelong

Chapter 1 Objective 1

Define terminology associated with anatomy and physiology

Chapter 1 Objective 2

Explain the importance of movement

Chapter 1 Objective 3

Describe motor behavior and associated terms

Chapter 1 Objective 4

Explain basic anatomical concepts and organization

Macroscopic Anatomy

Another term for gross anatomy, studying structures without a microscope

Microscopic Techniques in Anatomy

Method used in microscopic anatomy to study structures

Body Systems Study

Focus of systemic anatomy

Body Regions Study

Focus of regional anatomy

Integration of Systems for Movement

Focus of functional anatomy