Ultrasound Display Modes Flashcards

Flashcards covering the three basic ultrasound display modes (A-mode, B-mode, and M-mode), their axes, and clinical applications based on the lecture notes.

What are the three basic modes of display or formats for viewing ultrasound information?

1. Amplitude mode, 2. Brightness mode, 3. Motion mode

How does A-mode (Amplitude mode) appear on a display?

As a series of upward spikes.

In A-mode, what does the $x$-axis represent?

Reflector depth, which is derived from the time-of-flight information of the sound pulse.

In A-mode, what does the $y$-axis represent?

Strength or amplitude of the reflected signal.

What determines the height of an upward deflection in A-mode?

The amplitude of the returning echo; strong echoes create tall spikes, while weak reflections create short spikes.

Which medical field extensively uses A-mode for accurate measurements of depth or structure thickness?

Ophthalmology.

According to the transcript, what does an A-mode display look like?

A big city skyline.

How does B-mode (Brightness mode) appear on a display?

As a line of dots of varying brightness.

What does the brightness of the dot in B-mode indicate?

The strength of the reflection.

In B-mode, how are weaker and stronger reflections visually distinguished?

Weaker reflections appear as darker gray dots, whereas stronger reflections appear as brighter white dots.

What does the $x$-axis represent in a B-mode display?

Reflector depth.

When B-mode is displayed on an oscilloscope, where is the amplitude information routed?

Into the $z$-axis.

Which display mode serves as the basis for all other types of gray scale imaging, including real-time imaging?

B-mode.

How does M-mode (Motion mode) appear on a display?

As a group of horizontal wavy lines.

In M-mode, what does a line moving up and down indicate?

It indicates that a reflector is moving closer to or farther away from the transducer.

What does a straight horizontal line on an M-mode display indicate?

A stationary reflector.

What does the $x$-axis (horizontal) represent in an M-mode display?

Time.

What does the $y$-axis (vertical) represent in an M-mode display?

Reflector depth.

What is the sampling rate of M-mode equal to?

The pulse repetition frequency ($PRF$) of the system.

What is the primary clinical use of M-mode ultrasound?

To assess the motion of cardiac walls and structures.

Which is the only display mode that provides information about a reflector's changing location with respect to time?

M-mode.

Based on Table $11.1$, which display mode has no $y$-axis but utilizes a $z$-axis?

B-mode.