Vocab Unit 1

International Date Line

________- an arc that follows 180 degrees longitude although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas.

Relocation diffusion

________- the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another.

Spatial Analysis

________- a study of how humans shape their spaces.

eventual disappearance

Distance decay- the diminishing in importance and ________ of a phenomenon with increasing distance from it origin.

Hierarchal diffusion

________- the spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places.

Hearth

________- the region from which innovative ideas originate.

Cartography

________- the science of maps and map- making.

Remote

44) ________ sensing- method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments (e.g.

Stimulus

________ diffusion- the spread of an underlying principle, even though characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse.

Concentration

________- the spread of a feature over a place.

Perceptual

________ (vernacular) region- a place people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity.

Diffusion

________- the spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time.

Satellites

________) that are physically distant from the area or object of activity.

Density

________- the frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area.

Thematic Map

________- show spatial aspects of information or of a phenomenon.

Equator

________- an imaginary line drawn around the earth equally distant from both poles, dividing the earth into northern and southern hemispheres and constituting the parallel of latitude 0 degrees.

Distribution

________- the arrangement of something across Earths surface.

Situation

________- The location of a place relative to other places; valuable to indicate location: finding an unfamiliar place and understanding its importance by comparing location with familiar one and learning their accessibility to other places.

Site

________- a physical character of a place, such as characteristics like climate, water sources, topography, soil, vegetation, latitude, and elevation.

Culture

________- the body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material trait that together constitute a groups distinct tradition.

Possibilism

________- the theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives.

Landscape analysis

________- using field observation, spatial data, and aerial photography to gather data to define and describe landscapes.

Prime Meridian

________- An Imaginary line passing through the Royal Obserc= vatory in Greenwich, England, which marks the 0 degrees line of longitude.

unique combination of trends

39) Region- an area distinguished by a(n) ________ or features.

Contagious diffusion

________- the rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population.

Geography

________- the study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources, land use, and industries.

Physical Geography

________- the branch of geography dealing with natural features and processes.

Census Data

________- geospatial data collected through the quantification of a population which can include details of race, religion, gender, ect.

Environmental determinism

________- A theory that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by environmental conditions.

Latitude Parallel

________- the numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator.

Built environment

________- an object /environment created by humans for our enjoyment (example: schools, churches, cities, ect)

Formal region

________- homogeneous region is an area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics.

Geographic Information Systems

________ (GIS)- a collection of computer hardware and software permitting spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, used, and displayed.

Photographic Interpretation

________- the identification, description and measurement of objects in images, especially in aerial photographs, for geologic, cartographic or military purposes.

Cultural

________ ecology- geographic approach that emphasizes human- environment relationships.

implies the extent of a area

Space- ________ can be in a relative and absolute sense.

Absolute distance

________- exact measurement of the physical space between two places.

Absolute direction

A compass direction such as north or south

Absolute distance

exact measurement of the physical space between two places

Absolute location

Exact location of a place on the earth described by global coordinates

Cartography

the science of maps and map-making

Census Data

geospatial data collected through the quantification of a population which can include details of race, religion, gender, ect

Clustering

gathering close together; forming in a group

Concentration

the spread of a feature over a place

Contagious diffusion

the rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population

Cultural ecology

geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships

Cultural landscape

the fashioning of natural landscape by a cultural group

Culture

the body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material trait that together constitute a groups distinct tradition

Density

the frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area

Diffusion

the spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time

Dispersed

distributed or spread over a considerable area

Distance decay

the diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from it origin

Distribution

the arrangement of something across Earths surface

Environmental determinism

A theory that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by environmental conditions

Equator

an imaginary line drawn around the earth equally distant from both poles, dividing the earth into northern and southern hemispheres and constituting the parallel of latitude 0 degrees

Formal region

homogeneous region is an area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics

Functional Region

area organized around a node or focal point; the characteristic will diminish in importance as it spreads outward

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

a collection of computer hardware and software permitting spatial data to be collected, recorded, stored, retrieved, used, and displayed

Geography

the study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources, land use, and industries

Hearth

the region from which innovative ideas originate

Hierarchal diffusion

the spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places

Human geography

the branch of geography dealing with how human activity affects or is influenced by the earths surface

International Date Line

an arc that follows 180 degrees longitude although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas

Landscape analysis

using field observation, spatial data, and aerial photography to gather data to define and describe landscapes

Latitude/Parallel

the numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator

Longitude/Meridian

the numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian

Perceptual (vernacular) region

a place people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity

Photographic Interpretation

the identification, description and measurement of objects in images, especially in aerial photographs, for geologic, cartographic or military purposes

Physical Geography

the branch of geography dealing with natural features and processes

34) Place

uniqueness of a location (or similarity of two or more locales); phenomena within an area

Possibilism

the theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives

Prime Meridian

An Imaginary line passing through the Royal Obserc=vatory in Greenwich, England, which marks the 0 degrees line of longitude

Projection

a system used to transfer locations from Earths surface to a flat map

Reference Map

generalized map type designed to show general spatial properties of features

39) Region

an area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features

40) Relative Direction

directions such as left, right, forward, backward, up, and down based on peoples perception of places

41) Relative distance

A measure of distance that includes the costs of overcoming the friction of absolute distance separating two places

42) Relative location

a relative location is the position of something relative to another landmark

Relocation diffusion

the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another

44) Remote sensing

method of collecting data or information through the use of instruments (e.g

45) Scale

the relationship between the portion of the earth being studied and Earth as a whole

Site

a physical character of a place, such as characteristics like climate, water sources, topography, soil, vegetation, latitude, and elevation

Space

implies the extent of a area can be in a relative and absolute sense

Spatial Analysis

a study of how humans shape their spaces

Stimulus diffusion

the spread of an underlying principle, even though characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse

51) Sustainability

The use of earths renewable and nonrenewable natural resources in ways that do not constrain resource use in the future

Thematic Map

show spatial aspects of information or of a phenomenon

Time-space compression

an influence on the rate of expansion diffusion of an idea, observing that the spread or acceptance of an idea is usually delayed as distance from the source of the innovation increases

54) Toponym

the name by which a geographical place is known