PTH, Calcitriol, & Calcitonin: Calcium & Phosphorus Regulation

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Last updated 7:02 PM on 8/30/26
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9 Terms

1
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low blood calcium stimulates what gland to release what hormone

the parathyroid gland to release PTH (parathyroid hormone)

<p>the parathyroid gland to release PTH (parathyroid hormone)</p>
2
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parathyroid hormone stimulates

  • bone: releases Ca2+ + phos into blood

  • kidney: keeps Ca2+,excreted phos

  • kidney: activates vitamin D → calcitriol


<ul><li><p>bone: releases Ca<sup>2+</sup> + phos into blood</p></li><li><p>kidney: keeps Ca<sup>2+</sup>,excreted phos</p></li><li><p>kidney: activates vitamin D → calcitriol</p></li></ul><p></p>
3
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calcitriol definition

the active form of vitamin D that increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, role in bone mineralization: by increasing intestinal absorption and releasing Ca and phos in blood from bone (resorption) it promotes downstream bone mineralization by increasing supply of raw materials in the ECF but it also inhibits mineralization by increasing osteopontin, pyrophosphate, osteocalcin, & matrix Gla proteins to allow for more immediate increase in serum Ca.


<p>the active form of vitamin D that increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, role in bone mineralization: by increasing intestinal absorption and releasing Ca and phos in blood from bone (resorption) it promotes downstream bone mineralization by increasing supply of raw materials in the ECF but it also inhibits mineralization by increasing osteopontin, pyrophosphate, osteocalcin, &amp; matrix Gla proteins to allow for more immediate increase in serum Ca. </p><p></p>
4
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calcitriol functions

  • increases intestinal absorption of Ca2+ + phos

  • blood Ca2+ increases

  • PTH decreases


5
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calcitriol causes an increase or decrease in serum calcium

an increase in serum calcium levels through enhanced absorption in the intestines and mobilization from bones.

6
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high blood Ca2+ stimulates what gland to release what hormone

the thyroid gland to release calcitonin

<p>the thyroid gland to release calcitonin</p>
7
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calcitonin functions

  • lowers blood Ca2+ by:

    • inhibiting bone breakdown

    • promoting Ca2+ storage in bone


8
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calcitonin causes an increase or decrease in serum Ca2+

decrease

9
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PTH catalyzes what key step in the vitamin D pathway

conversion of calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D) in the liver to calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) in the kidneys