USH II unit 2 test

Imperialism definition

A countries expansion of power through land

Americans believe the new imperialism era was caused by…

Economic depression, or to show off.

What territories did the U.S steal?

Mexican and Native American territories

Where did Russia spread its imperialism?

Siberia, Central Asia

This country displaced Native Americans

Russia

These two countries did NOT fully displace and fully settle in Native American territories

Europe, America

What is the actual cause of American imperialism

Economic interests in resources and markets

how did the influx of immigrants and the panic of 1893 affect America?

It caused anxiety over the future of the country

What did steamboats use for power? how did it get refueled?

Coal. it was refueled with coal depots

New Imperialism vs Old Imperialism

Old- Trade-focused, coastal colonies, mercantilism, limited control.

New- Industrialization-driven, full territorial takeover, resources + markets, stronger ideologies (nationalism, Social Darwinism).

Merchantalism

Belief in the benefits of profitable trading

George Harring‘s belief in the reasons for imperialism

Helped America get out of its depressive state

Kristen Hoganson’s Belief in the reasoning for imperialism

so men could show off their

manliness.

Who was Alfred Thayer Mahan? And what was his philosophy?

Mahan was the author of The Influence of Seapower Upon History, where he wrote about his

philosophy. He believed in order to be a powerful country America must control and dominate

the sea and its commerce

Why did America try to take over Central America

To spread slavery

How was Alaska and Hawaii important for America? Why was the Pacific important for America, in general?

The Pacific was important because they had coal stations. Hawaii grew sugar and pineapple, which was native to Asia. Now, the U.S wouldn’t have to get these goods imported from Asia and pay high tariffs when it became a state. In the meantime, Hawaii agreed not to place tariffs on the sugar and pineapples. Alaska was abundant in oil and gas, which made it important.

List 4 causes of the Spanish American War

• Cubans revolted against Spain to become a free state

• General Weyler put Cubans in concentration camps, killing 95000 of them

• The Yellow Press Newspaper wrote about Weyler and his wrongdoings

• McKinley demanded Spain to leave Cuba alone of the U.S will fight

President William McKinley's speech to Congress in 1898

justified the need for the Spanish-American War by citing the long conflict in Cuba and the dangers it posed to American lives, property, and business interests.

What is the Teller Amendment, how does it explain what wasn’t a cause, AND why the need for the Teller Amendment?

An amendment that disclaims any intention to exercise sovereignty and take control over Cuba. It was needed to prevent accusations of imperialism and to gain support

What are the results of the “Splendid Little War”?

• The annexation of Spain, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines

• Rise of imperialist power

• Cuba independence

• Greater influence in Asia

Cuba and PR were gateways to latin american markets

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boxer rebellion

an anti-foreign and anti-Christian uprising in China from 1899 to 1901, led by a peasant-based secret society called the "Righteous and Harmonious Fists".

3,000 American troops helped China put down the Boxer Rebellion

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leader of the Phillipinnes rebellion against Spain

Emiliano Aguinaldo

why did Emiliano Aguinaldo turn against the U.S?

because he knew they wouldnt give them independence

Why did P.R get treated bad but Hawaii was treated good?

bc of racism

What does the Constitution say about colonies?

The constitution has no provision over the colonies

1. What did the Foraker Act and the Insular Cases try to do?

The Foraker Act and Insular Cases tried to declare Puerto Ricans would be citizens of PR, not the U.S, and they had no statehood.

Anti-Imperialists: reasoning

• Leads to diversity

• The empire’s political power is incompatible with democracy

• America should focus on its domestic problems

pro imperialist reasoning

• Freedom

• Trade

• Economic necessity

What factor(s) led to a shift in thinking in support for expansion abroad in the late 1800s?

The federal government's power spread and increased, markets and resources were required

Where were our first steps abroad? 

The U.S bought Alaska, the U.S took the Philippines and Puerto Rico in war.

How did WWII transform our global presence? What institutions did we create?

The  creation of the U.N and NATO. It was an alliance between countries to resolve problems,the world bank was created and it prevented national economic depressions

1. What did Containment mean in terms of our obligations? 

  It means to control the U.N to prevent another world war.

Spanish-American War territories gained by america

• Phillipines, Guam, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, Cuba

The Progressive Movement-

• A movement of individuals seeking a solution to the problems caused by industrialization

A “Return to Normalcy”

•  A plan created to return our country to normal after WWI

Isolationism

•  A country that avoids war

The Red Scare

 anti communism hysteria

The Great Depression

• a global economic depression caused by the stock market crash

The New Deal

A government program aimed to end the great depression

Militarism

• The belief that a country should maintain a strong military. 

where did blacks move? why?

moved to cities to escape Jim Crow Laws

People were torn between whether the  government should expand or suppress their power.

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• Leaders believed monopolies must stop and become fair in order for society to improve

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Horace Greeley

editor of the New York Tribune. innovative investigative reporting, insightful coverage of the arts and culture, and community-leading opinion writing.

R.L. Sanderson

•  a correspondent(journalist from afar) who had requested advice from Greeley

William T. Sherman

served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–1865), earning recognition for his command of military strategy but criticism for the harshness of his scorched-earth policies

“Scientific” Justification

•  Competition,therefore is a law of nature. Nature is entirely neutral; she submits to him who most energetically and resolutely assails her. She grants her rewards to the fittest, therefore, without regard to other considerations of any kind- William Graham Sumner

Wounded Knee Massacre

• last armed conflict between the U.S. Army and the Natives. Took place during 1890

• Morrill land grant act

• passed during 1862, federal lands sold to create colleges dedicated primarily to the study of agriculture, Mechanical arts, and Military tactics

Safety Valve theory

a concept suggesting that providing a peaceful outlet for discontent, such as through protest or political organizations, prevents the buildup of tension that could lead to more serious conflict

Washington's Farewell Address

• warned the U.S. about becoming too involved with other nations 

Horce Greeley wrote a letter in 1871 to R.L. Sanderson

• to tell him how the westward expansion was the manifest destiny of America to “civilize” the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

• William t. Sherman believed that hostility between races would continue until the Native Americans were all killed or taken to a Country where they would be watched

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• Sherman predicted that the transcontinental railroads would undermine the natives way of life in a way that the U.S. Army could not

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• The goal was to assimilate all Natives to the American way

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USS Maine Explosion

• Havana, Cuba

• Mission- protect U.S. citizens and property

• U.S. public angered-blame placed on Spain: “Free Cuba”, “Remember the Maine”